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- [Instructor] Let's briefly talk about

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the Internet of Things.

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The Internet of Things, or IOT,

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can pertain to any device that can connect

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and communicate over the internet.

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More specifically, most people

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and technology companies
use the term Things,

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to refer to home automation devices

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and smart kitchen appliances

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and voice activated digital assistance,

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and similar things.

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We consider them to be
Things that go beyond

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the standard devices such as desktop PCs,

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laptops, smartphones, and tablets.

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We use the extremely weak term, Things,

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because it's a loose definition

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and it fits perfectly in this scenario

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because there are so
many different gadgets

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within the category.

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IOT devices include
thermostats, light switches,

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security cameras, door
locks, refrigerators,

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and other appliances and smart speakers.

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Configuration of these
is usually intuitive.

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Let's take a look at a
basic IP based camera now.

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And I've got the camera here.

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So this is just a basic
camera that can be mounted,

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can be mounted upside down,
or what have you from here.

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And if we look, it is powered via USB.

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It's got a little uh, SD slot.

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If you want to save any of
the images or recordings

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and it has a reset button here as well

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just in case you need to reset

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to the original factory defaults

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in case you can't get in.

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Let's say, if you can't remember
your pin or password, okay.

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So, a pretty basic device.

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And over here on the
smartphone, I have the software,

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the app that's used to control it.

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So we can control this and
view what's on the camera,

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you know, from anywhere
in the world, basically

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as long as you have an
internet connection.

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So it's cloud based.

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This is cloud based.

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So you have to be careful
with cloud based technologies.

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You wanna make sure

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that you're using a reputable manufacturer

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that you're watching your connection,

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watching the information that you put in.

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Be careful with what the
camera's actually looking at,

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what you're displaying on the camera.

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And try to use a passcode
or some type of pin.

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Here we have the phone and the
device, so we can show this.

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And this particular
camera is called Office.

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And if we tap on that,

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we'll have to actually
enter a pin in there.

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So I'm gonna do that now.

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And that'll start connecting.

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So what this is doing is,

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it's going through the smartphone

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and the smartphone's wifi connection

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out to the internet and back,
and to the internet here,

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and the wifi and connecting to this device

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and then looking out and
you can see some gear here.

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Right? I was thinking of
using this device right here

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to program it, but just wasn't compatible.

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Anyways, we've got our
device here and it's working.

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We can use the controls
here to move the camera

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but what we're interested
in is the settings.

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So if we tap on settings here,

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you'll see that you can
turn the device on or off.

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And that's one of the
things that you want to do.

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If it's not necessary,

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turn the device off
whenever it's not needed.

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Then if we go to camera settings here

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You'll see the firmware
version at the bottom.

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And that firmware version,
you wanna make sure

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that is up to date.

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This one is, but you know,
some of the devices will not

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tell you when a new firmware
version is available.

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Some of them will let
you know, but maybe not

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in a very strong manner.

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Uh, this particular device lets you know,

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and it's, it's showing in red

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and you actually can't do certain
things within the settings

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until you update the firmware.

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So it kind of locks you
into updating the firmware

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on this device to try to
keep them more secure.

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And if we go back,

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you'll see down here you
can set the pin as well.

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So you can enter in a pin number.

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So at least it's something.

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All right. So that's basic
configuration of this device

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And pretty straightforward, you know,

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with a device like this

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and I have other cameras set up as well,

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you wanna make sure

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that you're setting this
device up in a secure manner.

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So let's talk about that a little bit.

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The, the whole important part of IOT

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is how devices are connected
to the SOHO network

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and how they are secured.

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That's because they all
connect out to the internet

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and the apps that control
them may or may not have

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the most brilliant programming.

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And then you have
security vulnerabilities.

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So I have a nine step list
here of what you can do

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to try to protect your
IO2, your IOT devices

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and your wireless network
and your network in general.

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And so those are,

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one, update the firmware
on the SOHO router.

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Make sure that you've
updated that firmware.

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Very important because the
SOHO router could be used

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as an attacking device as well.

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If it's not up to date.

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There's always vulnerabilities
being found on routers.

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Then, create a separate network.

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One good method is to
use the guest network.

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I do that a lot. But some
wireless access points

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have multiple networks
that you can set up.

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You could use one of those networks

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for these types of devices.

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But the guest network works as well.

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That works well in the
small office or in the home.

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So you set up that separate network

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and you place the IOT
devices on that network,

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configure strong encryption.

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For example, WPA2 with AES.

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And use a separate passcode
from the main wireless networks.

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Consider disabling universal
plug and play, UPnP.

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That can make a user's
life easier as far as

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discovery of devices and so on,

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but it can create security
vulnerabilities if it is running.

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Four, update the firmware
on the IOT devices, right?

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Update the firmware on the
IOT devices, I showed that.

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Showed where to go, it's
generally right in the settings.

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And a lot of these devices
will prompt you to do it

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and make sure you get it done

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before you take any further action.

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Five, use strong passwords.

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I think I say this every
hour or so of every day.

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But different passwords as well.

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Different passwords should be used

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for the main login to the SOHO router.

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Also a different password for
the guest wireless network.

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And a different password for
the IOT devices themselves.

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If the IOT device only
has the option for a pin,

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you're only gonna have
10,000 possible combinations,

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but it's better than nothing
with a four digit pin.

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So use it.

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Number six, update the operating system.

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Update the operating system
on the mobile device.

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You know, if you're running Android or iOS

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or the other computer
that's used to configure

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and control the IOT devices.

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Update the app that's used
to control the IOT devices.

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You know, that may not even show up.

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You know, you might
update the firmware here

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and that's great, but the app itself

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on the mobile device might
need some separate updating.

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So you have to watch for that.

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Next, use only what you need.

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Use only the devices that
are absolutely necessary

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and disconnect or turn them
off when they're not needed.

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And nine,

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carefully select and monitor
cloud-based connections.

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If your device relies
on the cloud for control

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then be very careful with
the manufacturer you select.

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You know, you might have a device

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that connects to your wireless network

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and you are connecting directly
to it via the IP address

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or through DNS to your router.

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But if it's cloud based

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you have to be very careful,

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careful with the manufacturer you select,

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the information you give.

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You know, you wanna watch out

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for personally identifiable
information, PII,

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as well as the actual connectivity

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that's made to the device.

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Every connection into your network

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increases the attack surface

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and it creates new vulnerabilities.

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So there's a little bit about IOT.

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There are so many types of devices

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within the Internet of Things,
and it's growing every day.

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These devices are used in homes, vehicles,

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the medical industry, transportation,

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manufacturing, you name it.

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They include devices that
have embedded electronics

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like sensors and so on.

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We don't even know all the
devices that are out there,

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it's growing so quickly.

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And because of the inherent
security vulnerabilities

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found in many IOT devices,

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many companies will frown upon their use.

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So you have to be ready to check

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for an approved list of devices
that you can use at work.

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And that's it for this video.