- All right,
let's talk about the client IP settings.
We've already showed some of these,
but we'll talk about 'em
in a little bit more depth here,
and you can modify the IP settings
for any of your network connections.
And by the way, I got here
from the network and sharing portion of Windows 7,
but you can get there from the control panel.
You can get here from a lot of different locations,
as long as you get there.
But you can modify the IP settings for any of these.
And you can also modify the names of these,
if you wish.
If you're on Windows 7 or older versions of Windows,
the name would be local area connection with spaces.
And it's never really good to have spaces
in the name of your network connection,
so I just changed mine to LAN.
And you'll find on Windows 8 and higher,
it's just called ethernet.
So one word names are gonna be much better,
especially if you're gonna work
with that network connection in the command line,
which we will later on.
So let's go to that guy's properties,
and then bring up the IPv4 properties,
and zoom in on that.
And you can see here, in the previous sub lesson,
we set up a static IP address.
Remember the difference,
between the dynamic and the static.
Now these are the components of our IP connection.
The first is the IP address.
This is the IPv4 address.
It's a 32 bit number.
Eight bits, eight bits,
eight bits, and eight bits, 32 bits in total.
And this address is 192.168.0.220,
but it could be any number really.
Generally, if you're working on a computer
on a LAN, it'll be on a private network like this one.
This is a Class-C private network.
But you know you have lots and lots of options here
as far as the IP address goes.
Now this IP address tells the network who the computer is.
It is 220.
It's on the 192.168.0 network,
and it's individual host IP is 220.
So that's the IP address.
It's the address of the computer.
The next one here is the subnet mask.
The subnet mask defines which portion of the IP address
is the network portion,
and which portion is the host portion.
So the 255s tell us the network portion.
In binary, this is all ones.
So the ones in binary tell us the network portion,
and the zero tells us the host portion.
So we know from the 255s
that the network number is 192.168.0.
And we know from the 0 that the host portion is 220.
So that's our subnet mask.
You know, might have a subnet mask that says 255.0.0.0,
and that would mean that the network was 192.
Generally, you wouldn't see that though.
If you see 255.0.0.0,
that is usually gonna mean a Class-A address,
and it might be something like 10.0.0.1.
And so the network is 10 and this is the host portion.
The last three octets are the host portion.
The default gateway is the device that you,
and I'm gonna change this back real quick.
So now we're back to our Class-C network
with our 220 address and our triple 255 subnet mask.
The default gateway is the device that you connect
to to get past your network
if you wanna go to another network such as the internet.
Most of the time, the gateway IP address is
on the same IP network as your own computer.
So if your computer's IP address is 192.168.1.101,
for example, then your gateway address will be
on that same network number,
that same 192.168.1 network number.
And for example, you might have a Soho four port router
that uses 192.168.1.1.
It acts as the gateway for your computer
and other computers out to the internet.
Your local IP address, 192.168.0.220 in this case,
it's gotta be on the same network as the default gateway.
That's that 192.168.0 network.
Otherwise you won't be able to communicate.
And this is a common problem.
If you see that the addresses are different
and the person at the computers having trouble connecting
to the internet or connecting to other computers, you know,
it could be that the incorrect IP address was assigned.
Maybe they put 192.168.2.220.
Well, that's not gonna work because it's not
the same network number as the default gateway.
Okay. Moving on down to the DNS server,
the preferred DNS server is the first DNS server
that your computer will look to
to resolve domain names to IP address.
You know, if you go to a domain like google.com
or davidlprowse.com or what have you, the name is great.
That's great for us to know as humans.
We can remember that name,
but computers don't communicate that way.
They communicate by IP address,
and ultimately by binary numbers.
So the DNS server, the domain name system server takes care
of that translation, that resolution from domain name
or host name to IP address.
And you need to have a DNS server on your network.
If you have a Soho router
it's most likely gonna be the same address
as the default gateway.
It is the same device.
It's doing both.
If you don't have one and your computer connects directly
to the internet, the DNS server will be
on a different network altogether,
and it'll be your ISP's DNS server.
So for example, you know, 65.14.82.1.
Who knows?
And then you might have an alternate DNS server.
You might have a secondary DNS server, like 65.14.82.2
That way, if the preferred fails,
you can still do your name resolutions and get to websites.
But more commonly on the LAN side,
you'll be obtaining the IP address automatically
and obtaining the DNS server address automatically.
And that's gonna be for your standard clients.
It's only when you're working with servers
or power workstations or critical systems
or routers or printers that you'll use static addresses.
Otherwise, the clients are gonna obtain all this
information automatically.
But you wanna know the difference
between the IP address, the sub mask, the default gateway,
and the preferred DNS server.
Now, if we obtain an IP address automatically
and obtain DNS automatically
and go to our command line
and do an ipconfig/all, we can view the information.
We can't view it in that grayed out box.
If it's obtaining automatically,
we can't really see the info.
But you can see it in the command line
with the ipconfig/all command.
And so we see here we're using the IP address 192.168.0.100,
subnet mask 255.255.255.0,
the default gateway 192.168.0.1,
and the DHCP server 192.168.0.1.
So we have all that information there.
And also the DNS server, same address.
All that information that we would've seen
in a statically configured IP
on the property sheet in the gooey,
we can see that when it's getting
the information dynamically within the ipconfig/all.
You could also use the netsh command if you wanted to,
the network shell to find this information.
But the ipconfig/all command's a very easy one to use.
So that's a little bit about the IP settings.
Understand what the address is,
what the subnet mask does,
what the gateway is,
and the DNS server as well.
And that's it for this sub lesson.
And that wraps up this lesson on TCP/IP.
We did a lot here.
We talked about IPv4.
We also talked about IPv6.
You wanna understand what the link-local IPv6 addresses are.
So you wanna know the IPv4, the IPv6 configurations.
You wanna know the difference
between public and private IP addresses.
You wanna know the difference
between static and dynamic addresses.
You wanna understand subnet masks.
And you wanna understand the client IP settings
as shown here.
Know the ipconfig command, and know that for the exam
and know it for the field.
You're gonna use it all the time.
And so that's it for this lesson.