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- All right,

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let's talk about the client IP settings.

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We've already showed some of these,

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but we'll talk about 'em

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in a little bit more depth here,

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and you can modify the IP settings

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for any of your network connections.

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And by the way, I got here

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from the network and sharing
portion of Windows 7,

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but you can get there
from the control panel.

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You can get here from a
lot of different locations,

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as long as you get there.

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But you can modify the IP
settings for any of these.

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And you can also modify
the names of these,

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if you wish.

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If you're on Windows 7 or
older versions of Windows,

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the name would be local
area connection with spaces.

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And it's never really good to have spaces

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in the name of your network connection,

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so I just changed mine to LAN.

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And you'll find on Windows 8 and higher,

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it's just called ethernet.

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So one word names are
gonna be much better,

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especially if you're gonna work

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with that network connection
in the command line,

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which we will later on.

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So let's go to that guy's properties,

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and then bring up the IPv4 properties,

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and zoom in on that.

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And you can see here, in
the previous sub lesson,

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we set up a static IP address.

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Remember the difference,

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between the dynamic and the static.

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Now these are the components
of our IP connection.

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The first is the IP address.

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This is the IPv4 address.

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It's a 32 bit number.

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Eight bits, eight bits,

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eight bits, and eight
bits, 32 bits in total.

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And this address is 192.168.0.220,

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but it could be any number really.

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Generally, if you're working on a computer

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on a LAN, it'll be on a
private network like this one.

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This is a Class-C private network.

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But you know you have lots
and lots of options here

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as far as the IP address goes.

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Now this IP address tells the
network who the computer is.

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It is 220.

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It's on the 192.168.0 network,

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and it's individual host IP is 220.

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So that's the IP address.

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It's the address of the computer.

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The next one here is the subnet mask.

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The subnet mask defines which
portion of the IP address

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is the network portion,

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and which portion is the host portion.

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So the 255s tell us the network portion.

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In binary, this is all ones.

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So the ones in binary tell
us the network portion,

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and the zero tells us the host portion.

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So we know from the 255s

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that the network number is 192.168.0.

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And we know from the 0 that
the host portion is 220.

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So that's our subnet mask.

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You know, might have a subnet
mask that says 255.0.0.0,

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and that would mean that
the network was 192.

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Generally, you wouldn't see that though.

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If you see 255.0.0.0,

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that is usually gonna
mean a Class-A address,

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and it might be something like 10.0.0.1.

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And so the network is 10 and
this is the host portion.

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The last three octets
are the host portion.

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The default gateway is
the device that you,

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and I'm gonna change this back real quick.

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So now we're back to our Class-C network

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with our 220 address and
our triple 255 subnet mask.

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The default gateway is the
device that you connect

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to to get past your network

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if you wanna go to another
network such as the internet.

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Most of the time, the
gateway IP address is

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on the same IP network
as your own computer.

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So if your computer's IP
address is 192.168.1.101,

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for example, then your
gateway address will be

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on that same network number,

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that same 192.168.1 network number.

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And for example, you might
have a Soho four port router

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that uses 192.168.1.1.

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It acts as the gateway for your computer

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and other computers out to the internet.

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Your local IP address,
192.168.0.220 in this case,

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it's gotta be on the same
network as the default gateway.

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That's that 192.168.0 network.

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Otherwise you won't be
able to communicate.

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And this is a common problem.

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If you see that the
addresses are different

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and the person at the computers
having trouble connecting

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to the internet or connecting
to other computers, you know,

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it could be that the incorrect
IP address was assigned.

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Maybe they put 192.168.2.220.

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Well, that's not gonna
work because it's not

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the same network number
as the default gateway.

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Okay. Moving on down to the DNS server,

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the preferred DNS server
is the first DNS server

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that your computer will look to

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to resolve domain names to IP address.

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You know, if you go to
a domain like google.com

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or davidlprowse.com or what
have you, the name is great.

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That's great for us to know as humans.

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We can remember that name,

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but computers don't communicate that way.

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They communicate by IP address,

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and ultimately by binary numbers.

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So the DNS server, the domain
name system server takes care

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of that translation, that
resolution from domain name

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or host name to IP address.

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And you need to have a DNS
server on your network.

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If you have a Soho router

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it's most likely gonna be the same address

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as the default gateway.

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It is the same device.

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It's doing both.

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If you don't have one and your
computer connects directly

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to the internet, the DNS server will be

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on a different network altogether,

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and it'll be your ISP's DNS server.

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So for example, you know, 65.14.82.1.

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Who knows?

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And then you might have
an alternate DNS server.

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You might have a secondary
DNS server, like 65.14.82.2

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That way, if the preferred fails,

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you can still do your name
resolutions and get to websites.

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But more commonly on the LAN side,

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you'll be obtaining the
IP address automatically

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and obtaining the DNS server
address automatically.

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And that's gonna be for
your standard clients.

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It's only when you're working with servers

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or power workstations or critical systems

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or routers or printers that
you'll use static addresses.

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Otherwise, the clients
are gonna obtain all this

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information automatically.

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But you wanna know the difference

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between the IP address, the
sub mask, the default gateway,

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and the preferred DNS server.

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Now, if we obtain an IP
address automatically

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and obtain DNS automatically

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and go to our command line

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and do an ipconfig/all, we
can view the information.

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We can't view it in that grayed out box.

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If it's obtaining automatically,

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we can't really see the info.

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But you can see it in the command line

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with the ipconfig/all command.

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And so we see here we're using
the IP address 192.168.0.100,

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subnet mask 255.255.255.0,

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the default gateway 192.168.0.1,

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and the DHCP server 192.168.0.1.

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So we have all that information there.

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And also the DNS server, same address.

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All that information that we would've seen

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in a statically configured IP

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on the property sheet in the gooey,

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we can see that when it's getting

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the information dynamically
within the ipconfig/all.

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You could also use the netsh
command if you wanted to,

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the network shell to
find this information.

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But the ipconfig/all command's
a very easy one to use.

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So that's a little bit
about the IP settings.

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Understand what the address is,

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what the subnet mask does,

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what the gateway is,

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and the DNS server as well.

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And that's it for this sub lesson.

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And that wraps up this lesson on TCP/IP.

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We did a lot here.

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We talked about IPv4.

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We also talked about IPv6.

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You wanna understand what the
link-local IPv6 addresses are.

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So you wanna know the IPv4,
the IPv6 configurations.

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You wanna know the difference

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between public and private IP addresses.

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You wanna know the difference

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between static and dynamic addresses.

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You wanna understand subnet masks.

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And you wanna understand
the client IP settings

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as shown here.

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Know the ipconfig command,
and know that for the exam

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and know it for the field.

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You're gonna use it all the time.

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And so that's it for this lesson.