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- [Instructor] Here's an image

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of a lot of the most common video ports.

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Again, the two most
common are DVI and HDMI.

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So here we have DVI,
these blue ports up here,

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and DVI stands for
digital visual interface.

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These are high quality connections
used with LCD displays,

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and they carry uncompressed digital video.

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So you get a really good video connection,

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but it's video only.

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And I use DVI outputs on
several of my computers.

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They're very common on desktop PCs,

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but you don't see them as
much anymore on laptops.

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And when you're dealing with
other multimedia devices,

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you don't see them at all.

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So that's one of the big important ports

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to know for the exam.

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The other one is HDMI,

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and HDMI stands for high
definition multimedia interface.

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This is used for high
definition television,

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and you see these a lot on
video cards on computers.

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And you also usually see these

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as a secondary interface on laptops.

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And there are different types.

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Type A supports HD modes,
such as 1080p and 720p.

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And Type A, and this
is a Type A connector,

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is the full size HDMI.

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You can also connect this out to DVI.

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You can use adapters to
connect the two together.

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Of course, that's only
gonna work with video.

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It's not really gonna
do anything for audio.

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But the Type A connectors are compatible

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with the DVI connector

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that does digital transmission of data.

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Then there's Type B, which
is double video bandwidth,

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so you can support even higher
resolutions, like quad HD.

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Then there's Type C, which is mini-HDMI,

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and that's used in portable devices,

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but you'll also see that
on some video cards,

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and we'll show that in just a little bit.

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And then Type D micro-HDMI,
the smallest connector,

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only used on portable devices.

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Chances are what you really
need to know for the exam

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are the main Type A and B connectors

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and Type C, the mini-HDMI.

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So that's a HDMI connector.

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Those are the two big ones, DVI and HDMI,

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but we have others here.

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First of all, we have VGA.

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This is the old school port,
the video graphics array.

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And really this is a 15-pin port.

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It's known as a DE15F.

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It's also sold as a DB15 or an HD15.

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You'll see different things.

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But the reason is because it has 15 pins.

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And this uses a VGA cable,
connects to old VGA monitors,

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SVGA monitors, or super VGA.

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You know, those are those
old school CRT monitors.

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VGA, the resolution,
640 by 480, 800 by 600,

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and super VGA, 1024 by 768.

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All of those old school 4:3 aspect ratios.

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And one of the things
you should know is that,

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just about any computer,
if the video fails,

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it'll always default
back to the fail safe,

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which is VGA,

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one of the VGA modes.

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And you never know, you might
see one of these connectors.

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I'll show one today,

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but you might see one
of these on a system,

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and it's good for backward
compatibility for older monitors,

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that kind of thing.

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And you should also understand
that you can have adapters

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that can connect DVI to VGA and so on.

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Next, over here, we have S-Video,

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and S-Video stands for separate video,

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used for just standard
definition, or SD, video.

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And there's no audio signal.

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This is an older connector

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that you might have seen
on a camcorder or a VCR

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or something like that back in the day.

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And they use a mini-DIN connector.

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This one is seven-pin,

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but there's also four, six, or nine pins.

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Then, down here, we have component video,

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which is also known as just RGB,

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meaning red, green, and blue,

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and not necessarily in that order.

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This uses analog or digital signals

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to send the data over three wires,

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the red, green, and blue,

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each wire ending in an RCA plug,

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just like you would use
with a stereo system.

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These can send high definition signals,

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which is pretty cool.

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Sometimes you'll have these ports,

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say if you have a TiVo or
another type of video device.

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And if you run out of HDMI
ports to send your high def,

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you can actually send high def on this.

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So that's another one, component video.

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And then, finally, over
here, we have display port,

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and display port...

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And that's usually shown
without a space, by the way.

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Display port is a royalty-free interface.

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It's similar to HDMI

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and was designed to be
the replacement for HDMI.

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And you'll see these on some systems,

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some higher end systems,

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or you might see a mini display port,

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which is about this big,

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and we'll show more of
that later on in the lesson

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when we get into Thunderbolt.

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And this uses a packet
transmission technique

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instead of the regular
flow of video signal.

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This packet transmission is
similar to ethernet networks.

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And as you can see here, the...

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It's a little bit difficult to
sometimes tell the difference

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between a display port, an
HDMI port, and even a USB port.

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But you can see here,

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you have this little
notch in the one corner,

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and that's one way to tell the difference.

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These are not as common
as DVI or HDMI right now,

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depending on the computer you use.

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If you use a laptop that
runs Windows or a desktop PC,

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you know, you'll probably
be involved in HDMI or DVI.

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So those are some of the video ports.

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Let's show the video ports
on our AV editor now.

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Okay, so this is the back panel
of our AV editor computer,

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and here's the video card.

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We have two DVI ports.

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These are white this time.

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And this is common for people
who want to run two monitors

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and spread the desktop across the screens,

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across both screens,

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or if you want to mimic
the desktop on two screens.

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And you'll...

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This is usually gonna
be the first DVI port,

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which is important.

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And if you look here,

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here's the edge of the
motherboard on this side.

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And so the one closest is
gonna be the first DVI port.

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If you were to boot the
system and see the bios,

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then the bios would actually
send the video signal

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out through this port.

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And generally, Windows will as well,

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unless you've reconfigured it.

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So if you have to plug into one port,

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choose the one that's
closest to the motherboard.

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And also here, we have a mini-HDMI port,

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and you can use this,
or you can use these,

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but you can't use both together.

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You can't use all three.

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So that's a mini-HDMI.

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And over here, I have another video card.

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Gonna hold that up there.

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And this guy has a full size HDMI.

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It's not really that much bigger,

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but you can see it's slightly bigger

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than this mini-HDMI on the system.

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And this particular video
card has a DVI port,

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and it's got that HDMI and a VGA port.

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And this, you can actually
still buy this card.

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This is a decent PCI express card

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that has just a passive heat sink.

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So it's silent; works pretty good.

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So there's some examples
of some of the video ports

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that we're using.

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Keep in mind that another one you'll see

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on some PCs and on a bunch of laptops,

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especially MacBooks, is the display port,

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especially the mini display port.

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So let's talk about these DVI ports.

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Take a look at these now

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and notice that there's a
cross here and four pins,

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and then we have a selection
of a group of pins here.

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Let's show the different DVI ports now,

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show a little graphic of that.

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And what you need to know for the exam,

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a couple main things.

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First, DVI-I versus DVI-D.

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DVI-I means that you can send
analog or digital signal,

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whereas DVI-D means that you
can only send digital signal.

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And sometimes this is important

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if you're dealing with video switching

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or with video replication,

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or you need to send the information

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to a monitor that's digital only,

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or that kind of thing.

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So watch out for that.

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And you'll notice the difference here.

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If it's analog and digital,

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you have the four pins plus
the line here, or a cross.

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And if it's digital
only, you just have this.

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Now, the other thing is the difference

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between single link and dual link,

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and what this means is...

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Well, first of all, if you
look at the single link,

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you see there's a piece missing here,

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as far as the pins go.

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Dual link, that's filled in.

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And the same thing with DVI-D.

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Single link, section is missing.

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Dual link, the pins are filled in.

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You have all the pins.

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And what this means is, if
you want to split the signal,

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you have to have a dual link.

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So if you wanna split
the signal and mimic it

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to two monitors or to a monitor
and a TV or what have you,

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then you have to have a dual link option.

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But again, you gotta be
real careful with that.

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You wanna make sure that you're using

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the exact type of video
card that you need.

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For example, DVI-I dual link video cards

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might not work for your
video switching scenario

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or your video replication
or splitting scenario,

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so you might need a DVI-D dual link,

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one that does digital only

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and does not allow analog connections.

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You really gotta check that
with the device that you use.

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So know the difference
between DVI-I and DVI-D

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single link and dual link.

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And then also you can have analog only,

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and you can also have USB
in addition to dual link,

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which has more pins.

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That's a special DVI port
that you won't see as often.

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So those are some of the DVI connections.

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I highly suggest that
you know all these ports.

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I recommend that you memorize these ports,

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what they look like.

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So if I was to say,

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"Okay, I need you to drag and
drop DVI to the right port,"

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you would be able to do that easily.

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Same thing with HDMI and
display port and so on.

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The kind of video card you use

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will probably dictate
the cable and connector

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that you're gonna have to use.

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Most of today's video cards

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come with either DVI or HDMI
or display ports outputs,

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and some monitors also
have VGA connections

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for legacy connections
and legacy compatibility.

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So let's take a look at
a couple cables here.

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Here we have DVI, and this
is known as DVI single link.

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And you can tell it's a single link

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'cause we have a gap here
in the middle of the pins.

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If you want more powerful connections,

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if you wanna do more with your video,

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you'll need a dual link DVI.

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Here's an example of a dual link,

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where all the pins are filled in.

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There is no gap in the center there.

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Generally, that's what you're looking for,

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is dual link DVI connections.

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And DVI can be DVI-D,
which is digital only,

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or it could be DVI-A, which
is analog signal only,

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which is rare,

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or DVI-I, which accepts
digital and analog connections.

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Okay, so typical DVI cable here.

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Next one on the list is HDMI.

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Here's an example of HDMI.

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I'll take the caps off of this.

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All right, and you can see

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it's kind of a trapezoidal connection.

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Flip it over here.

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Kind of trapezoidal.

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And HDMI is broken down into
a couple different types.

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Type A supports just about all HD modes

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and is compatible with DVI-D connectors.

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Type B is double video bandwidth,

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supports higher resolutions
that you'll see today.

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Then, you have Type C HDMI, which is mini.

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It's a mini connector,
a little bit smaller

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if we compare that there to a Type A.

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Type D is micro-HDMI; it's even smaller.

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And there's also Type E for
the automotive industry.

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Next on a list is display port.

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Here's an example of a
display port connector.

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And you can see this looks
a little bit similar.

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Focus in on this.

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Looks a little similar to HDMI,

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but it's more rectangular,

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and it has one notch on
the top left corner there.

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One notch over there, kind
of a diagonal on that corner.

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Designed to be a replacement
for HDMI and DVI.

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I use these for monitors
that run at, say, 144 hertz

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instead of just running at 60 hertz.

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So you might need a DVI
cable for that type of thing.

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And then over here, we have
the old school VGA 15-pin.

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It's the DE15, also known as a DB15.

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Three rows of five pins.

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Just in case you need
backward compatibility

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to something with a VGA connection,

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which could be a variety of
different devices or monitors.

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And there's all kinds
of different adapters.

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I showed a small HDMI cable here.

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It's just a one foot.

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And of course, they come
in different length,

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but then there's also adapters as well.

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For example, here we have an HDMI female

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to mini-HDMI male.

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And then you have other things,

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like HDMI female to USB-C.

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So it all depends on what you
need with this HDMI connector.

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So different adapters for cables for that.

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And those are some of
the cables that you use

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to hook up monitors and other devices

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to send that video signal.
