1 00:00:06,702 --> 00:00:07,560 - [Instructor] All right, let's talk about 2 00:00:07,560 --> 00:00:09,690 flash-based drives. 3 00:00:09,690 --> 00:00:13,740 Most manufacturers of flash-based drives 4 00:00:13,740 --> 00:00:17,040 use non-volatile NAND, 5 00:00:17,040 --> 00:00:20,040 or N-A-N-D flash memory. 6 00:00:20,040 --> 00:00:21,120 This is the most common. 7 00:00:21,120 --> 00:00:24,420 So the solid state drives that we showed 8 00:00:24,420 --> 00:00:27,270 in the previous sublesson will use that, 9 00:00:27,270 --> 00:00:30,543 and other types of flash drives will use them as well. 10 00:00:31,530 --> 00:00:34,980 For example, the USB flash drive, 11 00:00:34,980 --> 00:00:36,720 this is probably the most familiar 12 00:00:36,720 --> 00:00:38,850 of all flash media out there, 13 00:00:38,850 --> 00:00:41,550 also known as USB thumb drives. 14 00:00:41,550 --> 00:00:45,870 They're often retractable and can be carried on a key chain. 15 00:00:45,870 --> 00:00:47,100 And you can see here, 16 00:00:47,100 --> 00:00:51,993 this is an image of a USB flash drive connected to a laptop. 17 00:00:52,860 --> 00:00:55,200 Notice that the USB flash drive is lit. 18 00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:58,140 And that means it's connected to the USB port, 19 00:00:58,140 --> 00:01:00,390 and it's ready to transfer data. 20 00:01:00,390 --> 00:01:02,250 And this drive will show up in your 21 00:01:02,250 --> 00:01:05,100 Windows Explorer or File Explorer 22 00:01:05,100 --> 00:01:07,470 as whatever volume name you gave it. 23 00:01:07,470 --> 00:01:11,100 You know, I might call mine flashy or something like that. 24 00:01:11,100 --> 00:01:12,870 So, you know, it's good to give it a good name, 25 00:01:12,870 --> 00:01:15,915 so you can differentiate from that drive, 26 00:01:15,915 --> 00:01:19,290 amongst that drive and the other drives in your system. 27 00:01:19,290 --> 00:01:21,780 Remember when you are done with the drive, 28 00:01:21,780 --> 00:01:23,610 you don't wanna just disconnect it, 29 00:01:23,610 --> 00:01:25,980 you wanna safely remove the hardware 30 00:01:25,980 --> 00:01:27,870 from the operating system, 31 00:01:27,870 --> 00:01:31,410 before you physically disconnect the drive. 32 00:01:31,410 --> 00:01:36,410 So you do that in the notification area within Windows, 33 00:01:36,420 --> 00:01:39,180 and you do that from the safely remove icon, 34 00:01:39,180 --> 00:01:41,850 looks like a little USB icon, 35 00:01:41,850 --> 00:01:44,970 and you might have to click on the little double arrow 36 00:01:44,970 --> 00:01:47,250 in the notification area to get that. 37 00:01:47,250 --> 00:01:49,080 And just watch out because all your drives 38 00:01:49,080 --> 00:01:50,100 will probably be listed there. 39 00:01:50,100 --> 00:01:51,990 Any of your solid state drives, 40 00:01:51,990 --> 00:01:55,290 your CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blu-ray, that kind of thing. 41 00:01:55,290 --> 00:01:57,120 Just make sure you're actually disconnecting 42 00:01:57,120 --> 00:01:58,410 the right drive. 43 00:01:58,410 --> 00:02:00,660 That's why it's good to name it. 44 00:02:00,660 --> 00:02:04,830 So USB flash drives, a very common device. 45 00:02:04,830 --> 00:02:07,140 Another common type of flash-based drive 46 00:02:07,140 --> 00:02:10,950 is the SD card or secure digital card. 47 00:02:10,950 --> 00:02:13,050 And technically these are basically the same 48 00:02:13,050 --> 00:02:14,850 as a USB flash drive. 49 00:02:14,850 --> 00:02:18,570 They're solid state, they use NAND memory, 50 00:02:18,570 --> 00:02:20,970 and have most of the same pros and cons 51 00:02:20,970 --> 00:02:22,590 as a USB flash drive, 52 00:02:22,590 --> 00:02:24,660 but the difference is the form factor, 53 00:02:24,660 --> 00:02:27,300 and therefore the usage for this device. 54 00:02:27,300 --> 00:02:30,960 You know, you can't connect this directly to a USB port. 55 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:35,960 It's meant to be inserted inside of some type of device. 56 00:02:36,420 --> 00:02:41,420 So here we have a standard size SD card 57 00:02:41,970 --> 00:02:44,970 and also a micro SD card. 58 00:02:44,970 --> 00:02:47,850 And these two are used usually 59 00:02:47,850 --> 00:02:51,240 for some type of mobile device. 60 00:02:51,240 --> 00:02:55,260 The larger size you might be in a camera, or a camcorder, 61 00:02:55,260 --> 00:02:57,780 or a little audio player, or what have you. 62 00:02:57,780 --> 00:03:01,350 And the smaller size you'll often use, that micro size, 63 00:03:01,350 --> 00:03:04,770 for add-ons as memory for your smartphone 64 00:03:04,770 --> 00:03:07,890 or another small device like that. 65 00:03:07,890 --> 00:03:09,090 Let's show both of these now, 66 00:03:09,090 --> 00:03:11,100 and show some examples and adapters 67 00:03:11,100 --> 00:03:12,870 that you can use as well. 68 00:03:12,870 --> 00:03:16,560 All right, so here we have a couple examples of devices. 69 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:20,830 The first is the USB flash drive, and this is a SanDisk, 70 00:03:22,230 --> 00:03:24,303 and it's a 16 gig, 71 00:03:25,290 --> 00:03:27,303 and you can see that it is retractable, 72 00:03:29,010 --> 00:03:30,840 and it kind of locks into place, 73 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:34,350 and it'll light up when you do plug it into USB port. 74 00:03:34,350 --> 00:03:36,780 So that's the USB flash drive. 75 00:03:36,780 --> 00:03:39,480 And then we have a couple SD cards. 76 00:03:39,480 --> 00:03:41,790 Here's the standard SD, 77 00:03:41,790 --> 00:03:44,190 and you can see the connectors here. 78 00:03:44,190 --> 00:03:45,420 Whenever you're handling these 79 00:03:45,420 --> 00:03:48,480 try not to touch the connectors, very important. 80 00:03:48,480 --> 00:03:51,120 And here's a micro SD card. 81 00:03:51,120 --> 00:03:53,220 So very small might be tough to handle, 82 00:03:53,220 --> 00:03:56,130 but again, stay off the connectors if you can. 83 00:03:56,130 --> 00:03:58,470 And so you can really see the difference in size here. 84 00:03:58,470 --> 00:04:00,930 This is your standard USB flash drive, 85 00:04:00,930 --> 00:04:03,180 though nowadays they make much smaller ones 86 00:04:03,180 --> 00:04:05,220 that might just be this big 87 00:04:05,220 --> 00:04:08,250 and be as much as 64 gigabyte so, 88 00:04:08,250 --> 00:04:09,840 and you could lose them very easily, 89 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:11,550 so watch out for that. 90 00:04:11,550 --> 00:04:13,050 But you can see the size difference 91 00:04:13,050 --> 00:04:14,550 between the three of these. 92 00:04:14,550 --> 00:04:19,230 Now with these, you'll usually use these SD cards, 93 00:04:19,230 --> 00:04:21,510 you know, on a smart phone or something, 94 00:04:21,510 --> 00:04:24,090 or on a digital camera or camcorder. 95 00:04:24,090 --> 00:04:26,760 But how can you move the data to your computer? 96 00:04:26,760 --> 00:04:28,410 Well, if you don't have wireless, 97 00:04:28,410 --> 00:04:31,890 or some type of option on your camera or other device, 98 00:04:31,890 --> 00:04:34,710 you'll need to connect this into the system. 99 00:04:34,710 --> 00:04:37,740 And if you don't have an SD slot, 100 00:04:37,740 --> 00:04:41,970 you'll need to use some type of adapter such as this. 101 00:04:41,970 --> 00:04:46,563 This is a little SD to USB adapter. 102 00:04:48,210 --> 00:04:50,553 I'll just take the cap off and show this here. 103 00:04:51,450 --> 00:04:54,660 And you can see you have a full-size SD slot, 104 00:04:54,660 --> 00:04:56,520 and a micro SD slot, 105 00:04:56,520 --> 00:04:57,840 and you have a USB connector 106 00:04:57,840 --> 00:04:59,610 just to connect to the computer. 107 00:04:59,610 --> 00:05:02,880 So we could connect this or this and read that data 108 00:05:02,880 --> 00:05:04,500 right through the USB. 109 00:05:04,500 --> 00:05:06,780 And usually if you're dealing with big files, 110 00:05:06,780 --> 00:05:08,490 you know, audio or video, 111 00:05:08,490 --> 00:05:12,540 you probably wanna get yourself a USB 3.0 device. 112 00:05:12,540 --> 00:05:14,730 So you can, you know, move the data a lot faster. 113 00:05:14,730 --> 00:05:16,800 Otherwise if you have USB 2.0, 114 00:05:16,800 --> 00:05:19,700 you're gonna be waiting forever to get those files across. 115 00:05:20,760 --> 00:05:23,880 Now, what if you don't have this micro SD? 116 00:05:23,880 --> 00:05:25,383 Well there's a couple options. 117 00:05:26,430 --> 00:05:30,750 This is a little miniature micro SD adapter, 118 00:05:30,750 --> 00:05:31,650 which goes to USB, 119 00:05:33,750 --> 00:05:36,843 or you could use an adapter such as this. 120 00:05:38,340 --> 00:05:43,340 This actually is not a SD card, it's an adapter, 121 00:05:43,830 --> 00:05:48,220 and you can plug your smaller size micro SD 122 00:05:50,010 --> 00:05:51,780 directly into that, 123 00:05:51,780 --> 00:05:54,783 and then that could be plugged into a slot such as this. 124 00:05:55,680 --> 00:05:59,430 But I like these, this is a Transcend adapter. 125 00:05:59,430 --> 00:06:03,330 And, you know, these are the two most common SD cards 126 00:06:03,330 --> 00:06:04,163 I'm gonna use, 127 00:06:04,163 --> 00:06:06,690 the standard size and the micro. 128 00:06:06,690 --> 00:06:09,873 So this has those two, so it works great for me. 129 00:06:10,950 --> 00:06:12,960 And I have these cards in like, 130 00:06:12,960 --> 00:06:15,030 five or six different devices. 131 00:06:15,030 --> 00:06:19,080 So I'm constantly moving these about into this device to, 132 00:06:19,080 --> 00:06:22,830 you know, copy the data over to my audio video system. 133 00:06:22,830 --> 00:06:26,670 So there's a couple examples of some adapters 134 00:06:26,670 --> 00:06:29,700 and also the USB flash drive and the SD cards 135 00:06:29,700 --> 00:06:31,000 that you'll see out there. 136 00:06:31,980 --> 00:06:33,990 Another type of flash-based drive is 137 00:06:33,990 --> 00:06:37,650 the CF card or CompactFlash card. 138 00:06:37,650 --> 00:06:39,870 Another type of solid state memory 139 00:06:39,870 --> 00:06:42,840 that you might see used in handheld computers 140 00:06:42,840 --> 00:06:46,200 or high-end cameras or micro drives. 141 00:06:46,200 --> 00:06:48,480 And they're broken up into two different types. 142 00:06:48,480 --> 00:06:52,890 There's type one cards that are 3.3 millimeters thick, 143 00:06:52,890 --> 00:06:56,190 and those are used for say, cameras, handheld computers, 144 00:06:56,190 --> 00:06:59,550 and then type two cards that are five millimeters thick, 145 00:06:59,550 --> 00:07:02,010 and might be used for micro drives. 146 00:07:02,010 --> 00:07:06,210 These have been pretty much overshadowed by the SD card, 147 00:07:06,210 --> 00:07:08,910 but you might still see them out there. 148 00:07:08,910 --> 00:07:11,220 Common capacities for CF cards 149 00:07:11,220 --> 00:07:13,530 usually max out at 32 gigabyte, 150 00:07:13,530 --> 00:07:16,290 though the technology can go further. 151 00:07:16,290 --> 00:07:17,820 Speeds are generally between 152 00:07:17,820 --> 00:07:20,733 six and 133 megabytes per second, 153 00:07:21,750 --> 00:07:25,530 but that could go as high as 167 megabytes per second 154 00:07:25,530 --> 00:07:28,950 with the CF version six standard. 155 00:07:28,950 --> 00:07:31,920 So CF cards, you might see them in some devices, 156 00:07:31,920 --> 00:07:34,470 but generally it's gonna be more the SD card. 157 00:07:34,470 --> 00:07:37,500 And another type is eMMC. 158 00:07:37,500 --> 00:07:40,890 MMC or the multimedia card standard 159 00:07:40,890 --> 00:07:45,890 was the original card standard before SD cards. 160 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:50,400 And nowadays, we have embedded MMC, 161 00:07:50,400 --> 00:07:52,800 and your smartphone or your tablet 162 00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:57,800 might just use embedded MMC for its main storage. 163 00:07:58,710 --> 00:08:00,750 And it can transfer somewhere in the neighborhood 164 00:08:00,750 --> 00:08:03,180 of 400 megabytes per second. 165 00:08:03,180 --> 00:08:08,180 But this has been replaced in some cases by the SD card, 166 00:08:08,550 --> 00:08:10,950 and for additional storage, 167 00:08:10,950 --> 00:08:13,890 you'll almost always use SD cards. 168 00:08:13,890 --> 00:08:16,170 So there's some of your flash-based drives. 169 00:08:16,170 --> 00:08:18,150 You got USB flash drives, 170 00:08:18,150 --> 00:08:22,200 SD cards, CF cards, and eMMC. 171 00:08:22,200 --> 00:08:24,813 So know the basics for each of those for the exam.