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- The hypervisor is the
software that allows you

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to run one or more guest operating systems

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on a single computer.

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And because of this, it's known as

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the virtual machine manager or VMM.

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So a VMM hypervisor, it's the same thing.

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So that hypervisor is that
actual software you're gonna use.

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And there's two types.

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Type 1 is known as the native hypervisor,

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which is also known as
a bare metal hypervisor,

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meaning that it runs directly

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on the hardware of the computer.

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There's no software
intervention with this.

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The software of the
hypervisor runs directly

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on the hardware of the computer.

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So that's the more powerful type.

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Examples of this include VMware's vSphere,

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and also Microsoft's
Hyper-V for Windows server.

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The other is Type 2, which
is the hosted hypervisor.

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The hosted hypervisor
is something that runs

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inside of your operating system.

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And examples of this
include Oracle's VirtualBox

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and also Microsoft's Windows Virtual PC.

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Now this is not as powerful.

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If you need to run critical systems,

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you're gonna want a Type 1 hypervisor.

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If you are doing some testing,

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or you want to learn
about operating systems,

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then Type 2 is fine.

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Let's show a couple
examples on the internet

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of both types of hypervisor software.

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The first here is VMware
and their vSphere software.

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That is a very common type of hypervisor.

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That's a Type 1 hypervisor.

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It would be used in cloud
computing and by web hosts

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and large enterprise networks
that are gonna run servers

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and client operating systems

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from a single server using a hypervisor.

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So that's VMware's example

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and Microsoft's example is Hyper-V,

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which can work on windows
server 2008 or higher.

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And it's the same type of thing.

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It runs bare bones.

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It's right on the hardware of the server.

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So this is a very powerful program

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that requires a powerful processor,

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or more than one,

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for example, an Intel Xeon
processor and tons of Ram.

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We're talking anywhere from 384 gigabytes

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to a terabyte of Ram on these servers.

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They need to be really powerful

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so that they can give enough resources

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to all of the clients
that will run on them.

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So those are two examples
of the Type 1 hypervisor.

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And Hyper-V also has a
version for the client

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for Windows 8 and higher,
there's Client Hyper-V.

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And it's basically the
same type of software.

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It allows you to run one
or more operating systems

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as guests, but this is done

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within Windows 8 or whatever newer version

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of Windows you're running.

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So this is more of a Type 2
hypervisor, it's really hosted.

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So Client Hyper-V looks the same,

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but architecturally it
doesn't work the same way

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as the server based Hyper-V.

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And something you want to keep in mind.

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Other examples of Type
2 hypervisors include

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Oracle's VirtualBox, and
this is a great program.

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We're gonna show Hyper-V on Windows 8.

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We're gonna show VirtualBox
in the following sub lesson.

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And then there's also
Microsoft's Virtual PC.

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So you've seen all the types

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and you've seen the links there

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if you wanna find out more
about them or work with them.

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Now, Hyper-V for Windows
8 comes with the software

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if you're running Windows
8 or 8.1 Pro or Enterprise.

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Oracle VirtualBox and
Windows Virtual PC are

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free downloads.

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So you can run a Type
2 hypervisor for free

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if you want to on your system.

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And I recommend it.

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It's a great way to study
the different operating

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systems that we work with in this course.

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So know the difference between Type 1

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and Type 2 hypervisors.

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Type 1, once again is native,

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and it's known as bare metal.

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Runs directly in conjunction
with the hardware

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of the computer.

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Type 2, that's hosted,
and it runs internally

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within your operating system.

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So it's not gonna perform
nearly as well as Type 1,

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but it's a little bit
easier to use and configure.

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Now, one other thing we need
to talk about is extensions.

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In order to use virtualization software,

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your computer has to be compatible.

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That means the CPU needs
to have the right code,

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the right extensions to work
with that hypervisor software.

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And you may need to
turn these extensions on

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in the motherboard UEFI or bios.

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For example, if you have
an Intel based system,

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you're gonna use the VT-X
extension for the CPU,

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and you'll use other
extensions for the chip set.

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For example, for input/output
memory management,

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you'll use VT-D.

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And for network management,
you'll use VT-C.

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So you wanna make sure these are enabled

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in the motherboard, especially VT-X.

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And it might just say, you know, VT.

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It just might say virtualization,

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and that's what you have to turn on.

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It depends on the firmware
that you're working in.

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On the AMD side, you
have other extensions.

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And for the CPU, it would be AMD-V.

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And for the chip set, it would be AMD-VI.

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So if you have an AMD CPU,
you're gonna use these.

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And if you have an Intel CPU,

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you're gonna use these.

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Just again, you need to make sure

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that the CPU you're using
can handle these extensions,

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has these extensions available to you.

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Quite often on a Type 1 hypervisor,

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you can't just use any old CPU.

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You can't just get yourself a Core i5

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and think that it's gonna work.

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You may need a specific type
of CPU, like a Xeon CPU.

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So make sure that you're
using the right CPU

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based on the hypervisor you wanna run.

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And in addition, make sure that you turn

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on the correct extensions for the CPU

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and for the chip set.

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And you do that in the
motherboard's firmware

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in your bios or UEFI.

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So, that's about it for this
sub lesson on hypervisors.

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And in the next sub lesson,
we're gonna actually show

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some of the virtual software

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and show you how that works.