1 00:00:06,420 --> 00:00:09,900 - [Dave] Hard drive failure isn't just a possibility, 2 00:00:09,900 --> 00:00:11,610 it's an eventuality. 3 00:00:11,610 --> 00:00:13,980 It will happen at some point. 4 00:00:13,980 --> 00:00:16,290 Hard drives typically have warranties 5 00:00:16,290 --> 00:00:19,200 that range from one to five years. 6 00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:21,780 So you'll be troubleshooting for sure. 7 00:00:21,780 --> 00:00:23,550 We try to limit the amount 8 00:00:23,550 --> 00:00:25,950 of hard drive troubleshooting we do 9 00:00:25,950 --> 00:00:30,950 by way of prevention, fault tolerance, and backups, 10 00:00:31,530 --> 00:00:32,850 but it's inevitable. 11 00:00:32,850 --> 00:00:36,900 Troubleshooting will occur at some point. 12 00:00:36,900 --> 00:00:41,193 So ask not if, ask when! 13 00:00:42,060 --> 00:00:45,060 You might not open up an actual hard drive, 14 00:00:45,060 --> 00:00:46,440 like in this image, 15 00:00:46,440 --> 00:00:48,720 but there are some troubleshooting techniques 16 00:00:48,720 --> 00:00:51,633 you can include in your daily work. 17 00:00:53,520 --> 00:00:58,500 Now, your BIOS or your UEFI might not recognize your drive. 18 00:00:58,500 --> 00:01:00,573 This could be for several reasons. 19 00:01:01,560 --> 00:01:04,473 If it is an SATA drive, 20 00:01:05,490 --> 00:01:09,060 first check the power and data connections. 21 00:01:09,060 --> 00:01:14,060 Make sure they are firmly connected and oriented properly. 22 00:01:14,130 --> 00:01:17,040 If a cable was installed improperly, 23 00:01:17,040 --> 00:01:18,990 consider replacing the cable 24 00:01:18,990 --> 00:01:21,600 as it might have a damaged end. 25 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:26,100 If the drive is an M.2 or PCI Express drive, 26 00:01:26,100 --> 00:01:29,910 make sure that it is firmly seated in the slot 27 00:01:29,910 --> 00:01:32,823 and consider cleaning the slot with compressed air. 28 00:01:34,110 --> 00:01:38,760 Also, check for motherboard BIOS updates. 29 00:01:38,760 --> 00:01:42,390 It might be that the drive is simply too new 30 00:01:42,390 --> 00:01:46,560 to be recognized, especially by older systems. 31 00:01:46,560 --> 00:01:49,560 Also, some drives have their own firmware 32 00:01:49,560 --> 00:01:52,650 that need to be updated as well. 33 00:01:52,650 --> 00:01:57,553 This is the case with PCI Express based NVMe drives. 34 00:01:58,890 --> 00:02:01,650 They might not work properly or at all 35 00:02:01,650 --> 00:02:03,390 without those updates. 36 00:02:03,390 --> 00:02:06,360 So be ready for the hard drive firmware update 37 00:02:06,360 --> 00:02:08,133 and, of course, the BIOS update. 38 00:02:09,480 --> 00:02:13,020 And remember to check the BIOS boot order, 39 00:02:13,020 --> 00:02:15,930 also known as the boot priority. 40 00:02:15,930 --> 00:02:18,420 It might be that you expect to boot 41 00:02:18,420 --> 00:02:20,850 to a specific hard drive, 42 00:02:20,850 --> 00:02:25,140 but the BIOS is configured to boot to removable media 43 00:02:25,140 --> 00:02:27,600 or something else first. 44 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:30,420 While the BIOS actually sees the drive 45 00:02:30,420 --> 00:02:32,010 in this scenario, 46 00:02:32,010 --> 00:02:35,160 you might think that it failed to do so. 47 00:02:35,160 --> 00:02:38,230 So always check that BIOS boot order 48 00:02:39,240 --> 00:02:41,850 and make sure that the hard drive is first. 49 00:02:41,850 --> 00:02:44,640 Let's take a look at a system now 50 00:02:44,640 --> 00:02:49,563 and view its physical connections and the BIOS boot order. 51 00:02:50,880 --> 00:02:52,890 When you can't boot to the hard drive, 52 00:02:52,890 --> 00:02:55,950 this could be broken down into two categories, 53 00:02:55,950 --> 00:03:00,950 the hardware, and also the software/firmware. 54 00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:02,670 So you need to check both. 55 00:03:02,670 --> 00:03:04,200 If you feel you need to, 56 00:03:04,200 --> 00:03:06,240 you can go inside the computer 57 00:03:06,240 --> 00:03:09,270 and check the actual connections. 58 00:03:09,270 --> 00:03:11,130 Now, here we have a connected hard drive 59 00:03:11,130 --> 00:03:13,620 and you can see the wires in the bottom here. 60 00:03:13,620 --> 00:03:17,403 You wanna make sure that both connections are secure. 61 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:23,220 So here we have the power connection 62 00:03:23,220 --> 00:03:24,330 and the data connection. 63 00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:26,700 You wanna make sure that those are properly connected 64 00:03:26,700 --> 00:03:28,290 on the hard drive, 65 00:03:28,290 --> 00:03:29,700 make sure they're secure, 66 00:03:29,700 --> 00:03:32,310 and then check the motherboard as well. 67 00:03:32,310 --> 00:03:35,460 Check that SATA connection, 68 00:03:35,460 --> 00:03:37,140 that's for the data. 69 00:03:37,140 --> 00:03:40,440 And then also check the power connection leading 70 00:03:40,440 --> 00:03:41,640 to the power supply. 71 00:03:41,640 --> 00:03:45,660 Check that rail that is powering that hard drive. 72 00:03:45,660 --> 00:03:47,973 Make sure that that is secure as well. 73 00:03:49,530 --> 00:03:54,000 Now on the firmware side, you wanna make sure 74 00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:57,390 that the drive has been recognized 75 00:03:57,390 --> 00:04:01,680 and then you wanna check the boot priority 76 00:04:01,680 --> 00:04:05,610 or the boot sequence as shown here. 77 00:04:05,610 --> 00:04:08,493 So you wanna check both of those things in the firmware. 78 00:04:09,450 --> 00:04:10,890 If the drive won't boot, 79 00:04:10,890 --> 00:04:12,930 you won't be able to get into the software. 80 00:04:12,930 --> 00:04:14,820 So you're not gonna be able to check it there, 81 00:04:14,820 --> 00:04:16,920 but that firmware is really important. 82 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:19,590 You gotta check that UEFI or BIOS 83 00:04:19,590 --> 00:04:23,820 and see if the hard drive is one, recognized 84 00:04:23,820 --> 00:04:25,773 and two, bootable. 85 00:04:26,850 --> 00:04:31,850 And is it listed in the proper place in the boot priority? 86 00:04:31,860 --> 00:04:34,480 So always check the hardware connections 87 00:04:36,150 --> 00:04:38,943 and the firmware connections as well. 88 00:04:40,920 --> 00:04:44,910 Okay, so remember, check the hard drive connections 89 00:04:44,910 --> 00:04:47,850 and also check that boot order. 90 00:04:47,850 --> 00:04:49,950 Set that hard drive first 91 00:04:49,950 --> 00:04:51,270 in the boot order 92 00:04:51,270 --> 00:04:54,213 for functionality and for security. 93 00:04:55,860 --> 00:04:57,570 Now, another issue. 94 00:04:57,570 --> 00:05:01,710 Windows might not see a drive or perhaps a secondary drive, 95 00:05:01,710 --> 00:05:05,460 and there are several reasons why Windows might not see 96 00:05:05,460 --> 00:05:07,590 that secondary drive. 97 00:05:07,590 --> 00:05:11,100 Maybe a driver needs to be installed for the drive 98 00:05:11,100 --> 00:05:14,370 or a driver for its controller. 99 00:05:14,370 --> 00:05:15,540 This is more common 100 00:05:15,540 --> 00:05:18,756 with newer hard drive technologies, 101 00:05:18,756 --> 00:05:20,670 perhaps knows perhaps the secondary drive needs 102 00:05:20,670 --> 00:05:24,003 to be initialized within disk management, 103 00:05:24,990 --> 00:05:28,890 or it could be that the drive was not partitioned 104 00:05:28,890 --> 00:05:30,093 or formatted. 105 00:05:31,350 --> 00:05:34,113 Let's discuss a few more troubleshooting ticket items. 106 00:05:35,190 --> 00:05:37,470 If the system runs slow, 107 00:05:37,470 --> 00:05:41,010 it can be because the drive has become fragmented 108 00:05:41,010 --> 00:05:43,713 or has been infected with a virus or spyware. 109 00:05:44,580 --> 00:05:48,060 Analyze and defragment the drive. 110 00:05:48,060 --> 00:05:52,020 If it's heavily fragmented, the drive can take longer 111 00:05:52,020 --> 00:05:54,390 to access the data needed, 112 00:05:54,390 --> 00:05:56,943 resulting in slow reaction time. 113 00:05:57,780 --> 00:06:00,450 You might be amazed at the difference in performance 114 00:06:00,450 --> 00:06:01,983 after a defrag. 115 00:06:03,120 --> 00:06:05,580 If you think the drive might be infected, 116 00:06:05,580 --> 00:06:10,140 then scan the disk with your anti-malware program 117 00:06:10,140 --> 00:06:12,663 to quarantine any possible threats. 118 00:06:14,850 --> 00:06:17,550 Missing files at startup can be a real problem. 119 00:06:17,550 --> 00:06:21,420 If you get a message such as boot manager is missing 120 00:06:21,420 --> 00:06:22,800 or something similar, 121 00:06:22,800 --> 00:06:24,690 then the file will need to be written back 122 00:06:24,690 --> 00:06:26,340 to the hard drive. 123 00:06:26,340 --> 00:06:29,163 I discussed this more in the Windows videos. 124 00:06:30,060 --> 00:06:33,840 In severe cases, when you get messages such as this, 125 00:06:33,840 --> 00:06:37,050 it could mean that the drive is physically damaged 126 00:06:37,050 --> 00:06:38,553 and needs to be replaced. 127 00:06:39,990 --> 00:06:42,390 Missing or corrupted files could be the result 128 00:06:42,390 --> 00:06:46,560 of hard drive failure, operating system failure, 129 00:06:46,560 --> 00:06:51,560 malware infection, user error, and other things as well. 130 00:06:52,260 --> 00:06:55,950 If this happens once, it's not really a big deal, 131 00:06:55,950 --> 00:06:58,050 but if it happens more than once, 132 00:06:58,050 --> 00:07:01,740 be sure to back up the rest of the data on the drive 133 00:07:01,740 --> 00:07:05,730 and then use the preventative methods mentioned previously, 134 00:07:05,730 --> 00:07:08,703 especially defragmenting and scanning for malware. 135 00:07:09,630 --> 00:07:13,320 You can also analyze the drive's S.M.A.R.T. data, 136 00:07:13,320 --> 00:07:18,120 and S.M.A.R.T. stands for self-monitoring, analysis 137 00:07:18,120 --> 00:07:20,460 and reporting technology. 138 00:07:20,460 --> 00:07:22,770 It's a monitoring system included 139 00:07:22,770 --> 00:07:26,700 with almost all hard drives that creates reporting data 140 00:07:26,700 --> 00:07:29,340 which when enabled in the BIOS 141 00:07:29,340 --> 00:07:32,070 can be accessed within the operating system. 142 00:07:32,070 --> 00:07:33,060 And we'll show this 143 00:07:33,060 --> 00:07:35,970 in another video a little bit more as well. 144 00:07:35,970 --> 00:07:40,970 Now, if your SATA magnetic disk drive starts getting noisy, 145 00:07:42,690 --> 00:07:44,550 this is magnetic drives, 146 00:07:44,550 --> 00:07:45,870 if it starts getting noisy, 147 00:07:45,870 --> 00:07:49,590 then it's a sure sign of impending drive failure. 148 00:07:49,590 --> 00:07:53,170 You might also hear a scratching or a grading sound 149 00:07:54,300 --> 00:07:59,160 or the drive might intermittently just stop or lock up 150 00:07:59,160 --> 00:08:01,863 with one or more audible clicks. 151 00:08:02,730 --> 00:08:05,520 You can't wait in these situations. 152 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:07,530 You need to take action right away, 153 00:08:07,530 --> 00:08:09,720 and you need to connect the drive 154 00:08:09,720 --> 00:08:11,820 to another computer immediately 155 00:08:11,820 --> 00:08:14,730 and copy the data to a good drive. 156 00:08:14,730 --> 00:08:16,830 Even then it might be too late. 157 00:08:16,830 --> 00:08:21,150 However, there are some good third-party programs available 158 00:08:21,150 --> 00:08:23,313 that might help recover the data. 159 00:08:24,390 --> 00:08:27,393 And let's discuss some preventive maintenance. 160 00:08:29,280 --> 00:08:30,750 Troubleshooting is great, 161 00:08:30,750 --> 00:08:33,870 but there's that phrase that we say a lot, 162 00:08:33,870 --> 00:08:37,500 an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 163 00:08:37,500 --> 00:08:38,850 Just a little bit of prevention 164 00:08:38,850 --> 00:08:42,810 can stop a lot of the problems that you might see. 165 00:08:42,810 --> 00:08:45,780 And so let's take a look at some of these possibilities. 166 00:08:45,780 --> 00:08:47,610 First, clean up the disk. 167 00:08:47,610 --> 00:08:49,320 Well, clean up all the temp files 168 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:52,140 and all the stuff that's on there periodically 169 00:08:52,140 --> 00:08:54,300 to help it keep it healthy. 170 00:08:54,300 --> 00:08:57,630 And we'll show a couple programs to do that with 171 00:08:57,630 --> 00:08:58,463 in just a bit. 172 00:08:59,370 --> 00:09:01,680 Defragment the disk. 173 00:09:01,680 --> 00:09:05,310 As you write data to a drive, 174 00:09:05,310 --> 00:09:09,720 that data is written in a contiguous fashion, 175 00:09:09,720 --> 00:09:11,790 especially for magnetic drives. 176 00:09:11,790 --> 00:09:15,573 And when you start deleting some of that data, 177 00:09:16,710 --> 00:09:19,140 it causes gaps. 178 00:09:19,140 --> 00:09:21,090 And then the gaps start to get filled in 179 00:09:21,090 --> 00:09:24,960 and it starts to get fragmented over time. 180 00:09:24,960 --> 00:09:26,640 So you wanna defragment the disk 181 00:09:26,640 --> 00:09:29,163 and we'll show that as well in these videos. 182 00:09:30,540 --> 00:09:31,920 Leave at least 10% free. 183 00:09:31,920 --> 00:09:34,860 And this is true for magnetic drives such as this 184 00:09:34,860 --> 00:09:36,960 and also solid state drives. 185 00:09:36,960 --> 00:09:41,670 Leave 10% free so you have that buffer space. 186 00:09:41,670 --> 00:09:43,800 When you fill up an entire drive, 187 00:09:43,800 --> 00:09:47,103 it reduces the lifespan of the drive quickly. 188 00:09:48,930 --> 00:09:51,960 Make sure that high performance drives have good air flow. 189 00:09:51,960 --> 00:09:54,117 So we're talking about M.2 drives 190 00:09:54,117 --> 00:09:56,550 and PCI Express based drives, 191 00:09:56,550 --> 00:09:58,260 'cause they create a lot of heat. 192 00:09:58,260 --> 00:09:59,940 So we wanna make sure we have good air flow 193 00:09:59,940 --> 00:10:00,780 to keep those cool 194 00:10:00,780 --> 00:10:02,580 so they don't get damaged over time. 195 00:10:04,170 --> 00:10:07,530 Scan the drive periodically with your antivirus software, 196 00:10:07,530 --> 00:10:12,510 your anti-malware suite, your end point protection platform, 197 00:10:12,510 --> 00:10:14,163 whatever it is that you're using. 198 00:10:15,840 --> 00:10:19,200 And set the drives to sleep or turn off the computer. 199 00:10:19,200 --> 00:10:22,830 If you set the drives to sleep after X amount of time, 200 00:10:22,830 --> 00:10:25,560 you're automatically turning those drives off. 201 00:10:25,560 --> 00:10:27,030 Especially for magnetic drives, 202 00:10:27,030 --> 00:10:28,440 you're parking them 203 00:10:28,440 --> 00:10:32,610 so that they're not being used when not necessary. 204 00:10:32,610 --> 00:10:35,130 So set them to sleep after 15 minutes 205 00:10:35,130 --> 00:10:38,340 or whatever is good for the user in question 206 00:10:38,340 --> 00:10:41,090 and that'll help to increase the lifespan of the drive. 207 00:10:42,930 --> 00:10:45,900 Let's begin another hands-on demonstration here. 208 00:10:45,900 --> 00:10:49,020 And we'll briefly show how to get to a couple of utilities 209 00:10:49,020 --> 00:10:50,460 in Windows. 210 00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:53,040 And we'll start with disk cleanup. 211 00:10:53,040 --> 00:10:55,110 Now, disk cleanup can be accessed 212 00:10:55,110 --> 00:10:57,900 from the search option within Windows, 213 00:10:57,900 --> 00:10:59,700 or you can go to Start 214 00:10:59,700 --> 00:11:01,770 and let's say in Windows 10, 215 00:11:01,770 --> 00:11:05,430 you can go to Start and then Windows Administrative Tools, 216 00:11:05,430 --> 00:11:07,350 or you can go to your Run prompt 217 00:11:07,350 --> 00:11:08,730 and open it from here 218 00:11:08,730 --> 00:11:10,777 by typing cleanmgr.exe, 219 00:11:13,410 --> 00:11:15,660 cleanmgr.exe. 220 00:11:15,660 --> 00:11:18,720 And when we run that, it gives you a drive selection. 221 00:11:18,720 --> 00:11:21,960 It says, select what drive you want to clean up. 222 00:11:21,960 --> 00:11:24,760 So I've got my, the first disk 223 00:11:25,980 --> 00:11:28,249 or the first drive I should say. 224 00:11:28,249 --> 00:11:30,663 It has two volumes, C and E. 225 00:11:31,710 --> 00:11:36,710 And then the other drive, the M.2 has one volume, the G. 226 00:11:36,870 --> 00:11:40,053 So we could select one and click OK. 227 00:11:41,040 --> 00:11:43,200 And that'll give us some options here. 228 00:11:43,200 --> 00:11:44,250 What do you wanna clean up? 229 00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:46,980 You can clean up regular temporary files. 230 00:11:46,980 --> 00:11:49,080 You could also include the recycle bin. 231 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:51,300 In this case, this volume doesn't have anything 232 00:11:51,300 --> 00:11:52,650 in the recycle bin, 233 00:11:52,650 --> 00:11:54,750 and you can clean up system files as well. 234 00:11:55,740 --> 00:11:57,990 So definitely use the disk cleanup program. 235 00:11:57,990 --> 00:12:01,980 You can also set this in the task scheduler 236 00:12:01,980 --> 00:12:05,043 to run periodically automatically. 237 00:12:06,570 --> 00:12:11,160 There's third party programs as well. For example, Ccleaner. 238 00:12:11,160 --> 00:12:14,910 And this will remove temporary files from Microsoft Edge, 239 00:12:14,910 --> 00:12:18,420 Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Firefox, Windows Explorer, 240 00:12:18,420 --> 00:12:21,510 and a variety of other places, right? 241 00:12:21,510 --> 00:12:24,990 And it'll get rid of that information immediately. 242 00:12:24,990 --> 00:12:26,940 And it'll tell you it has to close Windows 243 00:12:26,940 --> 00:12:27,773 and stuff like that. 244 00:12:27,773 --> 00:12:28,620 I'm not gonna do that right now 245 00:12:28,620 --> 00:12:30,120 'cause I need everything open. 246 00:12:32,250 --> 00:12:35,700 But even with that, we got rid of 12 megabytes. 247 00:12:35,700 --> 00:12:36,630 On a daily basis, 248 00:12:36,630 --> 00:12:40,950 I'll get rid of 500, 600 megabytes, a gigabyte of data 249 00:12:40,950 --> 00:12:43,200 when I really haven't even done much of anything. 250 00:12:43,200 --> 00:12:44,040 So CCleaner. 251 00:12:44,040 --> 00:12:47,100 And there's a lot of other free options out there as well 252 00:12:47,100 --> 00:12:48,510 that you can download. 253 00:12:48,510 --> 00:12:52,260 Then, of course, we want to do disk defragmenting 254 00:12:52,260 --> 00:12:55,650 to make sure that the files become more contiguous 255 00:12:55,650 --> 00:12:56,850 and we don't have gaps 256 00:12:56,850 --> 00:12:59,820 and we don't have breaks in the files. 257 00:12:59,820 --> 00:13:03,960 And make sure that our drive is not too fragmented. 258 00:13:03,960 --> 00:13:05,700 And so there's a couple ways we can do this. 259 00:13:05,700 --> 00:13:09,450 We can do this with the disk defragmenter program, 260 00:13:09,450 --> 00:13:10,710 and you can search for that. 261 00:13:10,710 --> 00:13:12,780 Or, once again, you can go to Start 262 00:13:12,780 --> 00:13:15,060 and Windows Administrative Tools 263 00:13:15,060 --> 00:13:17,043 or we can go to Run prompt. 264 00:13:18,240 --> 00:13:23,077 And for this one, you can type in dfrgui.exe, 265 00:13:25,890 --> 00:13:28,410 dfrgui.exe. 266 00:13:28,410 --> 00:13:33,300 And that brings up the Optimize Drives window in Windows 10. 267 00:13:33,300 --> 00:13:36,690 They called disk defragmenter in older versions of Windows. 268 00:13:36,690 --> 00:13:40,710 And you can see, I have this scheduled to run. 269 00:13:40,710 --> 00:13:42,390 I believe it's every month. 270 00:13:42,390 --> 00:13:45,780 And last run was on January 2nd. 271 00:13:45,780 --> 00:13:48,630 And so it said it was OK. 272 00:13:48,630 --> 00:13:51,720 And so we could do that for each of our drives here, 273 00:13:51,720 --> 00:13:56,520 and we can analyze those drives and optimize if necessary 274 00:13:56,520 --> 00:13:59,040 and we can change those settings for the timing of it. 275 00:13:59,040 --> 00:14:01,680 So we've use this program to make the files go 276 00:14:01,680 --> 00:14:05,400 in a more contiguous fashion, in a linear fashion, 277 00:14:05,400 --> 00:14:08,190 so they're not broken up and fragmented, 278 00:14:08,190 --> 00:14:09,600 and it can kind of take everything 279 00:14:09,600 --> 00:14:11,310 and put it in a nice order, 280 00:14:11,310 --> 00:14:12,210 which can really help 281 00:14:12,210 --> 00:14:14,880 to make your drive run more efficiently. 282 00:14:14,880 --> 00:14:17,100 So definitely use the optimized drives 283 00:14:17,100 --> 00:14:19,410 or disk defragmenter option. 284 00:14:19,410 --> 00:14:21,900 And that's the GUI version. 285 00:14:21,900 --> 00:14:24,190 You can also do this in the command line 286 00:14:25,470 --> 00:14:28,923 with the defrag command. 287 00:14:31,230 --> 00:14:32,730 And if you look at the defrag command, 288 00:14:32,730 --> 00:14:35,253 you'll see there's lots of parameters for this, 289 00:14:36,150 --> 00:14:39,000 but generally, what you would do is you would type defrag 290 00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:44,000 and select the volume that you want to defragment, 291 00:14:44,790 --> 00:14:45,777 for example, E:. 292 00:14:46,860 --> 00:14:51,860 Now, let's say you had less than 15% free space. 293 00:14:52,080 --> 00:14:53,670 We don't wanna do that generally, 294 00:14:53,670 --> 00:14:56,310 because as part of our preventive maintenance, 295 00:14:56,310 --> 00:14:59,610 we wanna make sure we have really more space available, 296 00:14:59,610 --> 00:15:01,560 keep that buffer space. 297 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:04,740 But if you have less than 15% space free, 298 00:15:04,740 --> 00:15:07,560 you'll have to add the -f parameter 299 00:15:07,560 --> 00:15:11,373 to actually force the defrag on that drive. 300 00:15:13,050 --> 00:15:15,030 That could use a lot of computing power 301 00:15:15,030 --> 00:15:19,500 and it could cause issues with some of the drive files. 302 00:15:19,500 --> 00:15:24,500 So it's better really to move data, off board some data, 303 00:15:24,870 --> 00:15:29,870 and try to get it above that 15% mark 304 00:15:30,780 --> 00:15:32,880 so that you don't have to force it. 305 00:15:32,880 --> 00:15:37,230 But you'll notice that the -F or /F is not listed here. 306 00:15:37,230 --> 00:15:39,810 That's a separate value altogether. 307 00:15:39,810 --> 00:15:41,730 And if you're in the command line 308 00:15:41,730 --> 00:15:44,820 and you wanna know about the drives more, 309 00:15:44,820 --> 00:15:46,983 you can use the diskpart utility. 310 00:15:48,960 --> 00:15:50,100 And when we enter that, 311 00:15:50,100 --> 00:15:53,490 that brings you to the diskpart shell. 312 00:15:53,490 --> 00:15:56,890 And from there, we can do, say a list volume 313 00:15:57,810 --> 00:16:02,280 to find out about the various volumes on this drive. 314 00:16:02,280 --> 00:16:04,930 So you can see all the different volumes we have here 315 00:16:06,060 --> 00:16:08,130 and whether or not they're healthy 316 00:16:08,130 --> 00:16:11,010 and what type of volumes they are. 317 00:16:11,010 --> 00:16:12,300 So that's basic information. 318 00:16:12,300 --> 00:16:14,700 You've probably recognized this as well. 319 00:16:14,700 --> 00:16:15,780 You can get to this 320 00:16:15,780 --> 00:16:18,750 from the disk management utility as well. 321 00:16:18,750 --> 00:16:20,520 And you can get to that tool 322 00:16:20,520 --> 00:16:22,170 either from your administrative tools 323 00:16:22,170 --> 00:16:25,410 or you can do it in the Run prompt, diskmgmt.msc, 324 00:16:28,590 --> 00:16:30,543 that's a Microsoft console window. 325 00:16:32,940 --> 00:16:35,733 And that shows all those volumes right here. 326 00:16:36,720 --> 00:16:40,470 Compared to the command prompt, 327 00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:42,150 command prompt shows the size, 328 00:16:42,150 --> 00:16:44,610 but it doesn't show what's free 329 00:16:44,610 --> 00:16:47,070 for that particular command, 330 00:16:47,070 --> 00:16:49,560 but here you actually see the free space as well 331 00:16:49,560 --> 00:16:50,973 and the % free. 332 00:16:51,900 --> 00:16:54,840 So for example, my G drive is getting pretty low. 333 00:16:54,840 --> 00:16:59,100 We're gonna have to offload some files soon from that. 334 00:16:59,100 --> 00:17:00,510 And really the C drive too. 335 00:17:00,510 --> 00:17:02,010 We're gonna have to clean that up. 336 00:17:02,010 --> 00:17:04,890 If those were to go below 15% free 337 00:17:04,890 --> 00:17:06,600 and we wanted to do the defrag, 338 00:17:06,600 --> 00:17:08,550 we'd have to force that in the command line 339 00:17:08,550 --> 00:17:10,680 with that -f. 340 00:17:10,680 --> 00:17:12,240 Okay, so a couple tools there 341 00:17:12,240 --> 00:17:13,650 that you definitely wanna look at. 342 00:17:13,650 --> 00:17:16,110 A disk cleanup, which is built into Windows. 343 00:17:16,110 --> 00:17:18,360 Take a look at some third party cleanup programs 344 00:17:18,360 --> 00:17:22,560 like CCleaner and also the disk defrag program 345 00:17:22,560 --> 00:17:24,310 in the GUI and in the command line. 346 00:17:26,490 --> 00:17:29,700 So remember that besides the physical connections, 347 00:17:29,700 --> 00:17:33,210 you might be troubleshooting in one of three places, 348 00:17:33,210 --> 00:17:38,210 the BIOS, a RAID utility if you have RAID, 349 00:17:38,430 --> 00:17:40,233 or the operating system, 350 00:17:41,070 --> 00:17:44,010 and we'll be discussing each of these in more detail 351 00:17:44,010 --> 00:17:46,830 as we progress through the videos. 352 00:17:46,830 --> 00:17:48,660 So that's it for this sub lesson. 353 00:17:48,660 --> 00:17:50,130 I'm Dave signing off, 354 00:17:50,130 --> 00:17:51,880 and I'll see you at the next video.