1 1 00:00:00,090 --> 00:00:02,640 In this section of the course, we're going to play detective 2 2 00:00:02,640 --> 00:00:05,160 and start our coverage of digital forensics. 3 3 00:00:05,160 --> 00:00:06,840 Now, this is an area that I really love 4 4 00:00:06,840 --> 00:00:09,540 inside the cybersecurity world, having spent several years 5 5 00:00:09,540 --> 00:00:11,010 as a digital media collector 6 6 00:00:11,010 --> 00:00:13,200 and digital forensic examiner myself. 7 7 00:00:13,200 --> 00:00:14,670 Now, in this section of the course 8 8 00:00:14,670 --> 00:00:17,460 we're going to be focused on domain one, security operations 9 9 00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:20,010 and domain three, instant response management 10 10 00:00:20,010 --> 00:00:23,670 with a focus on objectives 1.3 and 3.2. 11 11 00:00:23,670 --> 00:00:26,460 Objective 1.3 states that given a scenario, 12 12 00:00:26,460 --> 00:00:28,350 you must be able to use appropriate tools 13 13 00:00:28,350 --> 00:00:31,080 or techniques to determine malicious activity. 14 14 00:00:31,080 --> 00:00:33,270 In our case, we are specifically going to be looking 15 15 00:00:33,270 --> 00:00:36,030 at file analysis inside digital forensics 16 16 00:00:36,030 --> 00:00:38,340 and our use of hashing to verify the integrity 17 17 00:00:38,340 --> 00:00:40,320 of our evidence along with using hashes 18 18 00:00:40,320 --> 00:00:43,260 as an indicator or compromise on a given system. 19 19 00:00:43,260 --> 00:00:45,930 Objective 3.2 states that given a scenario, 20 20 00:00:45,930 --> 00:00:48,840 you must be able to perform instant response activities. 21 21 00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:51,210 Here, we're really going to be focused on the detection 22 22 00:00:51,210 --> 00:00:53,640 and analysis phase, including the determination 23 23 00:00:53,640 --> 00:00:56,250 of indicators or compromise, collection of evidence 24 24 00:00:56,250 --> 00:00:57,690 and the concepts surrounding the chain 25 25 00:00:57,690 --> 00:00:59,670 of custody of that evidence. 26 26 00:00:59,670 --> 00:01:01,860 As we begin this section, it's going to be important 27 27 00:01:01,860 --> 00:01:03,570 to realize that we're going to be focused on 28 28 00:01:03,570 --> 00:01:04,650 digital forensic techniques 29 29 00:01:04,650 --> 00:01:07,890 for workstations, desktops, laptops, and servers 30 30 00:01:07,890 --> 00:01:09,510 in this section of the course. 31 31 00:01:09,510 --> 00:01:11,910 Now, in a later section of the course, we're going to return 32 32 00:01:11,910 --> 00:01:14,190 to forensics and look at how they're used specifically 33 33 00:01:14,190 --> 00:01:17,880 for virtualized systems, mobile devices, and the cloud too. 34 34 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:19,800 As we move through this section of the course though, 35 35 00:01:19,800 --> 00:01:21,120 we're going to be starting out with a look 36 36 00:01:21,120 --> 00:01:23,100 at the role of a digital forensic analyst 37 37 00:01:23,100 --> 00:01:25,050 inside of the cybersecurity field. 38 38 00:01:25,050 --> 00:01:26,850 Then we're going to be discussing the different 39 39 00:01:26,850 --> 00:01:28,290 forensic procedures that are used 40 40 00:01:28,290 --> 00:01:31,230 by the cybersecurity analyst in their daily jobs. 41 41 00:01:31,230 --> 00:01:33,210 Next, we're going to take a look at the concepts 42 42 00:01:33,210 --> 00:01:35,820 of work product retention, which is basically saying 43 43 00:01:35,820 --> 00:01:37,740 how long are we going to keep that evidence 44 44 00:01:37,740 --> 00:01:40,590 and what kind of evidence are we going to keep. 45 45 00:01:40,590 --> 00:01:43,470 After that, we're going to be moving into data acquisition 46 46 00:01:43,470 --> 00:01:45,930 for later forensic analysis, and we'll be describing some 47 47 00:01:45,930 --> 00:01:47,970 of the most common forensic tools that are used 48 48 00:01:47,970 --> 00:01:49,770 by analysts out in the field. 49 49 00:01:49,770 --> 00:01:52,470 Then we're going to be discussing how system memory images 50 50 00:01:52,470 --> 00:01:54,420 and disc images are going to be acquired 51 51 00:01:54,420 --> 00:01:56,580 by those forensic analysts out in the field 52 52 00:01:56,580 --> 00:01:58,710 because there are different procedures used for each 53 53 00:01:58,710 --> 00:02:00,960 of these types of collections that we're going to do. 54 54 00:02:00,960 --> 00:02:03,510 Next, we're going to discuss how we maintain the integrity 55 55 00:02:03,510 --> 00:02:05,310 of the evidence that's being collected 56 56 00:02:05,310 --> 00:02:08,130 by using hashing of forensic images that have been acquired 57 57 00:02:08,130 --> 00:02:09,870 by those forensic analysts. 58 58 00:02:09,870 --> 00:02:11,970 After that, we're going to need to discuss how 59 59 00:02:11,970 --> 00:02:14,820 we can generate a timeline in order for us to analyze data 60 60 00:02:14,820 --> 00:02:17,700 across all the forensic evidence that we've been acquiring 61 61 00:02:17,700 --> 00:02:18,960 from all of our different devices 62 62 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:22,110 and systems and networks during our forensic collection. 63 63 00:02:22,110 --> 00:02:25,170 Sometimes though this evidence isn't collected cleanly. 64 64 00:02:25,170 --> 00:02:27,690 For example, a criminal may be trying to delete files 65 65 00:02:27,690 --> 00:02:29,610 or scramble the contents of their hard drive 66 66 00:02:29,610 --> 00:02:31,290 in order to hide those contents 67 67 00:02:31,290 --> 00:02:33,720 from an analyst who's looking at that hard drive. 68 68 00:02:33,720 --> 00:02:35,130 But that's okay 69 69 00:02:35,130 --> 00:02:37,620 because we have ways to uncover that data too. 70 70 00:02:37,620 --> 00:02:39,690 And we're also going to be covering how an analyst 71 71 00:02:39,690 --> 00:02:42,680 can overcome this issue by using things like data carving, 72 72 00:02:42,680 --> 00:02:45,300 be able to recover these thought to be deleted files 73 73 00:02:45,300 --> 00:02:48,210 from a given hard drive and bring them back to life. 74 74 00:02:48,210 --> 00:02:50,580 Then we're going to be discussing the legal concept 75 75 00:02:50,580 --> 00:02:52,140 known as a chain of custody 76 76 00:02:52,140 --> 00:02:54,270 and I'm going to demonstrate how an analyst can collect 77 77 00:02:54,270 --> 00:02:55,830 and validate digital evidence 78 78 00:02:55,830 --> 00:02:58,620 in a step-by-step video demonstration for you. 79 79 00:02:58,620 --> 00:03:00,360 And finally, we're going to take a short quiz 80 80 00:03:00,360 --> 00:03:02,520 to see what you learned during this section of the course 81 81 00:03:02,520 --> 00:03:04,620 and review each of those quiz questions fully 82 82 00:03:04,620 --> 00:03:05,580 to ensure you can explain 83 83 00:03:05,580 --> 00:03:07,500 why the right answers were correct. 84 84 00:03:07,500 --> 00:03:09,120 So let's jump into the world 85 85 00:03:09,120 --> 00:03:11,670 of digital forensics in this section of the course.