1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,930 In this demonstration, 2 00:00:00,930 --> 00:00:02,820 I will walk you through how to partition a file system 3 00:00:02,820 --> 00:00:05,010 in Linux using the F disk tool. 4 00:00:05,010 --> 00:00:07,740 The F disk utility is a menu driven program that is used 5 00:00:07,740 --> 00:00:10,260 to create, modify or to delete partitions 6 00:00:10,260 --> 00:00:11,580 on a storage drive. 7 00:00:11,580 --> 00:00:13,500 We're also going to create an XFS 8 00:00:13,500 --> 00:00:17,130 and an EXT four file system on these partitions. 9 00:00:17,130 --> 00:00:19,440 I'm going to stay root for the walkthrough to save time 10 00:00:19,440 --> 00:00:22,410 since most of the commands require elevated privileges. 11 00:00:22,410 --> 00:00:24,750 So I'm going to start out by creating a partition 12 00:00:24,750 --> 00:00:27,720 on the second hard drive of the device. 13 00:00:27,720 --> 00:00:29,070 So I'm going to use F disk, 14 00:00:31,290 --> 00:00:34,388 by sdb, 15 00:00:34,388 --> 00:00:37,173 (indistinct) second hard drive on the device. 16 00:00:38,670 --> 00:00:40,893 Now I want to print, this. 17 00:00:42,270 --> 00:00:44,880 Now we see that there's no partitions currently 18 00:00:44,880 --> 00:00:46,500 on this drive. 19 00:00:46,500 --> 00:00:48,150 Now click M for help. 20 00:00:48,150 --> 00:00:51,420 Let's take a look at the current options that we can use 21 00:00:51,420 --> 00:00:53,130 for F disk. 22 00:00:53,130 --> 00:00:55,200 Remember, it's just a menu driven tool. 23 00:00:55,200 --> 00:00:56,730 So all I had to do is click the letter, 24 00:00:56,730 --> 00:00:58,350 and it will prompt you all the changes that you 25 00:00:58,350 --> 00:00:59,200 would like to do. 26 00:01:01,320 --> 00:01:03,983 So, first thing we want to do is create a new partition. 27 00:01:07,590 --> 00:01:08,880 And for this example, we're going 28 00:01:08,880 --> 00:01:11,370 to use a primary partition. 29 00:01:11,370 --> 00:01:13,830 A primary partition contains one file system 30 00:01:13,830 --> 00:01:15,300 or a logical drop. 31 00:01:15,300 --> 00:01:17,490 It's sometimes referred to as a volume as well. 32 00:01:17,490 --> 00:01:19,227 Now, typically the swap file system 33 00:01:19,227 --> 00:01:22,650 and the boot portions are stored on a primary partition 34 00:01:22,650 --> 00:01:26,250 and a swap file system is just the part of the hard drive 35 00:01:26,250 --> 00:01:28,800 that the system will use when the RAM is full. 36 00:01:28,800 --> 00:01:31,650 So it's able to offload some information 37 00:01:31,650 --> 00:01:34,380 and to use the RAM for more active applications. 38 00:01:34,380 --> 00:01:35,523 Okay, P. 39 00:01:37,110 --> 00:01:38,763 We use partition one default. 40 00:01:40,350 --> 00:01:42,200 We want to let the first sector stay. 41 00:01:44,640 --> 00:01:48,180 Now we're going to make this drive roughly two gigabytes. 42 00:01:48,180 --> 00:01:49,653 So I'm going to do plus, 43 00:01:51,660 --> 00:01:54,030 2048, 44 00:01:54,030 --> 00:01:54,863 million bytes, 45 00:01:54,863 --> 00:01:57,450 because that's what correlates to about two gigabytes. 46 00:01:59,130 --> 00:02:00,330 And we see that has set. 47 00:02:01,470 --> 00:02:03,303 Now, we're going to have to write, 48 00:02:05,820 --> 00:02:07,710 and that now saves the information that's 49 00:02:07,710 --> 00:02:09,120 on a partition table. 50 00:02:09,120 --> 00:02:11,039 Now, in order to update a kernel, 51 00:02:11,039 --> 00:02:14,400 we have to use a command called partprobe. 52 00:02:14,400 --> 00:02:15,960 This command is used to update the kernel 53 00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:17,820 with the changes on our partition table. 54 00:02:17,820 --> 00:02:20,270 If not, it will only read it once we do a reboot. 55 00:02:21,780 --> 00:02:22,730 So we'll do it now. 56 00:02:23,621 --> 00:02:24,454 Partprobe, 57 00:02:25,413 --> 00:02:26,403 dev, sdb. 58 00:02:29,340 --> 00:02:30,843 All right, good to go there. 59 00:02:32,160 --> 00:02:35,460 Next thing we're going to do is make the XFS file system 60 00:02:35,460 --> 00:02:38,040 on the partition that we just created. 61 00:02:38,040 --> 00:02:40,170 The XFS file system is a high performance 62 00:02:40,170 --> 00:02:43,290 journaling file system that provides fast recovery. 63 00:02:43,290 --> 00:02:46,380 It's used for typically large files. 64 00:02:46,380 --> 00:02:48,603 So we're going to do, make file system, 65 00:02:49,620 --> 00:02:50,453 XFS. 66 00:02:55,080 --> 00:02:57,150 Now, another option for this command. 67 00:02:57,150 --> 00:03:00,090 You can use the dash T after 68 00:03:00,090 --> 00:03:01,350 MKFS, 69 00:03:01,350 --> 00:03:03,300 and then just specify the type of file system you 70 00:03:03,300 --> 00:03:04,133 want to use. 71 00:03:04,133 --> 00:03:07,260 But the faster simpler way is just to use the period after 72 00:03:07,260 --> 00:03:09,750 and add the type of file system you would like to use. 73 00:03:09,750 --> 00:03:11,910 So in this example, its going to be XFS. 74 00:03:11,910 --> 00:03:14,520 All right, we're going to assume is that there 75 00:03:14,520 --> 00:03:17,610 is currently a file system on that particular portion. 76 00:03:17,610 --> 00:03:20,430 So I'm just going to use the dash F, to force it. 77 00:03:20,430 --> 00:03:22,950 Now it looks like everything went through correctly. 78 00:03:22,950 --> 00:03:24,510 Next we're going to make another partition 79 00:03:24,510 --> 00:03:26,550 using the parted tool. 80 00:03:26,550 --> 00:03:28,860 The gnu new parted tool is very similar to F disk, 81 00:03:28,860 --> 00:03:31,660 it's menu driven and it's just used to create partition. 82 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:33,960 All right, now I'm going to print 83 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:36,930 out the list of partitions. 84 00:03:36,930 --> 00:03:38,580 So we can see here, 85 00:03:38,580 --> 00:03:40,110 the partition that we created earlier 86 00:03:40,110 --> 00:03:42,090 using the F disk tool. 87 00:03:42,090 --> 00:03:43,800 Now to make the partition, 88 00:03:43,800 --> 00:03:45,250 we use the make part command. 89 00:03:47,010 --> 00:03:49,410 And again, we use the primary command on here. 90 00:03:49,410 --> 00:03:50,243 Primary, 91 00:03:51,180 --> 00:03:52,013 hard drop, 92 00:03:53,070 --> 00:03:53,903 file system we are going to use this time is 93 00:03:53,903 --> 00:03:55,833 going to be EXT four. 94 00:03:56,880 --> 00:04:01,053 So I'm going to use use 2, 1, 4, 9 megabytes. 95 00:04:02,700 --> 00:04:05,310 We just end it at the end of the hard drive, 96 00:04:05,310 --> 00:04:07,683 it's going to be 8, 9, 8, 5, 9, 0 megabytes. 97 00:04:13,830 --> 00:04:18,450 Now just note, when we put in that type of file system 98 00:04:18,450 --> 00:04:20,820 that's not actually formatting the disk 99 00:04:20,820 --> 00:04:22,200 to be that file system. 100 00:04:22,200 --> 00:04:24,210 That's just letting the system know that an 101 00:04:24,210 --> 00:04:28,203 EXT four file system will be formatted on this partition. 102 00:04:29,340 --> 00:04:32,373 Now we have to go through and actually make the file system. 103 00:04:32,373 --> 00:04:33,567 So we're going to do, 104 00:04:33,567 --> 00:04:34,400 EXT four. 105 00:04:38,102 --> 00:04:38,935 SDB two. 106 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:42,600 We can see by this information, 107 00:04:42,600 --> 00:04:44,750 that the command was executed successfully. 108 00:04:45,600 --> 00:04:48,663 Now, last thing we want to do is to label the partitions. 109 00:04:49,800 --> 00:04:51,450 So for the XFS one, 110 00:04:51,450 --> 00:04:56,230 we have to use the XFS underscore admin command 111 00:04:58,440 --> 00:04:59,643 and this will list out, 112 00:05:01,770 --> 00:05:04,503 the actual partition. 113 00:05:06,870 --> 00:05:08,580 And we can see that the label is empty. 114 00:05:08,580 --> 00:05:10,800 So now we're just going to arrow up, 115 00:05:10,800 --> 00:05:12,148 change this to capital L, 116 00:05:12,148 --> 00:05:14,340 which in that case, that we're going to label 117 00:05:14,340 --> 00:05:16,200 the actual partition, 118 00:05:16,200 --> 00:05:17,900 so we can call that system backup. 119 00:05:22,410 --> 00:05:24,390 Okay. That went through successful. 120 00:05:24,390 --> 00:05:27,480 Now for the EXT four file system, 121 00:05:27,480 --> 00:05:29,013 we are going to have to use a different command. 122 00:05:29,013 --> 00:05:30,463 I'm going to use E two label, 123 00:05:32,550 --> 00:05:33,383 dev, 124 00:05:35,850 --> 00:05:36,683 two. 125 00:05:36,683 --> 00:05:38,910 And that blank currently indicates that there's no label 126 00:05:38,910 --> 00:05:41,223 for the EXT four partition. 127 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:45,210 Now to set it, we're simply going to arrow up 128 00:05:45,210 --> 00:05:46,920 and label it, 129 00:05:46,920 --> 00:05:48,450 data 130 00:05:48,450 --> 00:05:49,283 back up. 131 00:05:51,090 --> 00:05:53,070 And now, she got through successfully. 132 00:05:53,070 --> 00:05:54,513 Let's go back to verify, 133 00:05:56,580 --> 00:05:58,083 looks like we are good there, 134 00:05:59,010 --> 00:05:59,880 Okay. 135 00:05:59,880 --> 00:06:01,740 We just did a walk through of how to create partitions 136 00:06:01,740 --> 00:06:05,100 on Linux using the F disk and the parted tool. 137 00:06:05,100 --> 00:06:08,430 We also used the XFS command to make file systems 138 00:06:08,430 --> 00:06:09,450 on the partitions. 139 00:06:09,450 --> 00:06:11,300 And I'll see you, in the next lesson.