1 00:00:00,060 --> 00:00:00,893 So on this lesson, 2 00:00:00,893 --> 00:00:02,370 we're going to walk through some of the commands 3 00:00:02,370 --> 00:00:04,860 to properly manage our file system. 4 00:00:04,860 --> 00:00:07,920 For this example, we're going to use the same backup system 5 00:00:07,920 --> 00:00:10,050 that we just created prior. 6 00:00:10,050 --> 00:00:12,480 Because backups are critical to businesses, 7 00:00:12,480 --> 00:00:14,400 you want to make sure you perform a scheduled maintenance 8 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:16,830 on each file system to spot any errors 9 00:00:16,830 --> 00:00:20,220 that could corrupt the data or make it inaccessible. 10 00:00:20,220 --> 00:00:22,200 Also, a common thing that happens 11 00:00:22,200 --> 00:00:24,540 in organizations is the need to expand 12 00:00:24,540 --> 00:00:27,660 or shrink storage as the entities grow. 13 00:00:27,660 --> 00:00:28,800 You'll also need to ensure 14 00:00:28,800 --> 00:00:32,040 that you resize the file system as well, or the users 15 00:00:32,040 --> 00:00:35,253 and the apps will not be able to use the newly added space. 16 00:00:36,300 --> 00:00:37,680 So let me get started. The first thing we're going to do, 17 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:40,200 I just want to use the lsblk command. 18 00:00:40,200 --> 00:00:42,150 We're going to use the F option saying we want to look 19 00:00:42,150 --> 00:00:44,973 at the file systems associated with the storage. 20 00:00:46,110 --> 00:00:48,210 Now I love this view, it's a very clean view, 21 00:00:48,210 --> 00:00:51,030 you can see all the partitions to the left 22 00:00:51,030 --> 00:00:53,830 and you can see the file systems and you can see the UID 23 00:00:55,053 --> 00:00:56,490 and the mount points to the right. 24 00:00:56,490 --> 00:00:57,990 It's a very quick and easy way 25 00:00:57,990 --> 00:01:00,810 to kind of see how our system is laid out. 26 00:01:00,810 --> 00:01:03,330 So next thing we need to do is scan our systems 27 00:01:03,330 --> 00:01:04,560 and this is how we're going to go through 28 00:01:04,560 --> 00:01:06,510 and check to make sure that there's no errors 29 00:01:06,510 --> 00:01:07,920 on our file systems. 30 00:01:07,920 --> 00:01:09,540 So the first thing we need to do is unmounted 31 00:01:09,540 --> 00:01:12,213 the logical volume from the associated mount point. 32 00:01:14,430 --> 00:01:16,950 So going to use the dev, backup 33 00:01:16,950 --> 00:01:19,623 and we'll use the data backup system first. 34 00:01:22,890 --> 00:01:23,723 Okay. 35 00:01:28,754 --> 00:01:33,270 Next thing I want to do is use a file system check command. 36 00:01:33,270 --> 00:01:36,280 So I wanted use it on the data backup logical volume 37 00:01:37,440 --> 00:01:39,640 to make sure everything is good to go there. 38 00:01:42,990 --> 00:01:47,990 Okay. Now we see it gives us a clean response. 39 00:01:48,180 --> 00:01:51,000 That means everything is good to go on this file system. 40 00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:53,130 Whenever the system boots up, 41 00:01:53,130 --> 00:01:55,710 the file systems automatically run this check. 42 00:01:55,710 --> 00:01:58,772 Different type of shutdowns, hardware failures 43 00:01:58,772 --> 00:02:01,830 or reboots can cause an error. 44 00:02:01,830 --> 00:02:03,990 So it's always good to do this every so often 45 00:02:03,990 --> 00:02:06,720 just to make sure that the system is good to go. 46 00:02:06,720 --> 00:02:09,360 The next one we're going to do is an XFS system. 47 00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:11,670 So again, we have to unmounted that system, 48 00:02:11,670 --> 00:02:14,162 so we're going to use the dev backup 49 00:02:14,162 --> 00:02:18,330 and we're going to use the system backup logical volume. 50 00:02:18,330 --> 00:02:22,322 So let's get rid of this, unmounted that, 51 00:02:22,322 --> 00:02:26,733 and now for XFS we have to use the XFS repair command. 52 00:02:36,240 --> 00:02:39,060 Okay. Now you see, it wants to go through these phases, 53 00:02:39,060 --> 00:02:39,900 this is letting us know 54 00:02:39,900 --> 00:02:44,250 that it's checking every single piece of this file system. 55 00:02:44,250 --> 00:02:45,570 And for the XFS, 56 00:02:45,570 --> 00:02:48,033 this is the type of output you're going to receive. 57 00:02:53,460 --> 00:02:55,200 So when you get that done there at the bottom, 58 00:02:55,200 --> 00:02:57,240 that shows that there's no errors 59 00:02:57,240 --> 00:02:58,440 and we can move forward. 60 00:03:01,830 --> 00:03:03,600 Now, another command that we can use to 61 00:03:03,600 --> 00:03:07,147 check the file system is the E2F system check. 62 00:03:10,980 --> 00:03:12,450 And this of course associated 63 00:03:12,450 --> 00:03:15,933 with the EXT4 file systems or three or two, 64 00:03:17,280 --> 00:03:19,260 and we're going to use this force option. 65 00:03:19,260 --> 00:03:21,150 So this end, even if the system runs clean 66 00:03:21,150 --> 00:03:25,560 we want to make sure that we're checking everything. 67 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:26,910 So we're going to do it again. 68 00:03:28,920 --> 00:03:32,040 Okay. So next thing we want to do is extend the volume drive. 69 00:03:32,040 --> 00:03:35,103 So we're going to do LV extend command. 70 00:03:36,330 --> 00:03:38,070 And now this option, the L option, 71 00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:39,630 is going to let us know which is 72 00:03:39,630 --> 00:03:42,240 the size that we're going to associate to this volume. 73 00:03:42,240 --> 00:03:44,910 And we're just going to do three, 74 00:03:44,910 --> 00:03:46,460 we're going to make it three gigs, 75 00:03:48,780 --> 00:03:51,993 and we're going to do that for the backup system. 76 00:03:58,050 --> 00:04:00,450 All right, so the data backup system has now changed 77 00:04:00,450 --> 00:04:02,463 from two gigabytes to three. 78 00:04:06,120 --> 00:04:08,580 Now, of course, we need to check the system again, 79 00:04:08,580 --> 00:04:12,300 make sure there was no errors after we extended that size. 80 00:04:12,300 --> 00:04:14,160 So it's going to scroll up, arrow up, 81 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:17,103 and get to that command again for convenience. 82 00:04:18,180 --> 00:04:19,293 Run the check again. 83 00:04:21,089 --> 00:04:21,923 Good there. 84 00:04:25,890 --> 00:04:28,320 Now, since we increase the size of the volume 85 00:04:28,320 --> 00:04:31,800 we need to increase the size of the file system as well. 86 00:04:31,800 --> 00:04:33,990 It's not an automatic thing. 87 00:04:33,990 --> 00:04:37,113 So we're going to resize to FS. 88 00:04:39,150 --> 00:04:39,983 Dev 89 00:04:43,380 --> 00:04:44,213 Data back 90 00:04:46,320 --> 00:04:48,770 Now with this output, it lets us know that the file system 91 00:04:48,770 --> 00:04:51,510 is now resized and it indicates the new length 92 00:04:51,510 --> 00:04:53,670 of blocks associated with it. 93 00:04:53,670 --> 00:04:55,953 So let's go ahead and mount this back, 94 00:05:05,700 --> 00:05:08,700 all right, and ensure that it's associated. 95 00:05:08,700 --> 00:05:10,590 We can see it there at the bottom. 96 00:05:10,590 --> 00:05:13,770 Okay. The last thing we're going to do is increase the size 97 00:05:13,770 --> 00:05:16,200 of an XFS file system. 98 00:05:16,200 --> 00:05:18,363 So we're going to use the LV extend again, 99 00:05:19,770 --> 00:05:22,923 and this time I'm going to use it for the system back up. 100 00:05:24,690 --> 00:05:26,553 We're going to turn it into, 101 00:05:29,010 --> 00:05:32,463 going to get 2.75, just to save space. 102 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:46,080 Okay. We see what's successfully resized. 103 00:05:46,080 --> 00:05:48,600 Now, when using the XFS system, 104 00:05:48,600 --> 00:05:51,420 and you're trying to increase the size of the file system, 105 00:05:51,420 --> 00:05:54,150 you must first actually mount the file system. 106 00:05:54,150 --> 00:05:59,150 So that's something of note with the XFS versus the EXT4. 107 00:06:01,814 --> 00:06:02,714 So we can go here. 108 00:06:09,540 --> 00:06:10,373 Okay. 109 00:06:11,520 --> 00:06:12,963 So I'm going to use the FXS, 110 00:06:14,190 --> 00:06:16,113 grow file system, 111 00:06:17,130 --> 00:06:20,223 go to dev/backup/sysbk, 112 00:06:25,077 --> 00:06:27,180 and the biggest thing we're looking for is the bottom 113 00:06:27,180 --> 00:06:29,850 letting us know that the data blocks changed 114 00:06:29,850 --> 00:06:31,290 from one size to another. 115 00:06:31,290 --> 00:06:33,030 And since we've tried to increase it 116 00:06:33,030 --> 00:06:34,650 the smaller number needs to be to left, of course, 117 00:06:34,650 --> 00:06:36,510 the larger number to the right. 118 00:06:36,510 --> 00:06:37,343 So in this walkthrough 119 00:06:37,343 --> 00:06:41,010 we demonstrated another command with the LS block command 120 00:06:41,010 --> 00:06:43,410 showing us a different way to view our logical volumes 121 00:06:43,410 --> 00:06:47,130 and their associated mount points and their file systems. 122 00:06:47,130 --> 00:06:50,760 We also learned how to use a file system check to make sure 123 00:06:50,760 --> 00:06:52,770 that we have great integrity and validity 124 00:06:52,770 --> 00:06:54,120 of our file systems. 125 00:06:54,120 --> 00:06:57,840 We went through how to extend the logical volumes 126 00:06:57,840 --> 00:07:00,480 and also their associated file systems. 127 00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:02,550 And also the note, there's key differences 128 00:07:02,550 --> 00:07:07,470 between the EXT4 file system versus the XFS file system. 129 00:07:07,470 --> 00:07:09,820 Thank you, and I'll see you in the next lesson.