1 00:00:00,150 --> 00:00:01,589 Before users can get comfortable 2 00:00:01,589 --> 00:00:03,090 with working in a Linux environment, 3 00:00:03,090 --> 00:00:05,490 they may need to have the system localized 4 00:00:05,490 --> 00:00:08,550 to their specific region, culture, or preference. 5 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:12,090 Localization is the process of adapting system components 6 00:00:12,090 --> 00:00:14,040 for use within a distinct culture, 7 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:14,970 other than the culture 8 00:00:14,970 --> 00:00:17,430 that the system was originally designed for. 9 00:00:17,430 --> 00:00:18,510 So in this demonstration, 10 00:00:18,510 --> 00:00:20,670 we'll configure a localization option 11 00:00:20,670 --> 00:00:23,100 for a user who resides in London. 12 00:00:23,100 --> 00:00:25,260 So the main utilities we're focused on is 13 00:00:25,260 --> 00:00:28,980 the time-date control and the locale control commands. 14 00:00:28,980 --> 00:00:30,270 So let's hop right in. 15 00:00:30,270 --> 00:00:33,420 Okay, now you see the output from the time-date control. 16 00:00:33,420 --> 00:00:35,790 It just gives us a variety of different time. 17 00:00:35,790 --> 00:00:39,480 So we see our locale time, universal time, NTP. 18 00:00:39,480 --> 00:00:41,520 Those are some of the highlights, but, again, 19 00:00:41,520 --> 00:00:44,220 this command contains a lot of subcommands as well 20 00:00:44,220 --> 00:00:46,260 that will allow us to actually configure the setting 21 00:00:46,260 --> 00:00:49,410 to allow us to have those localization settings. 22 00:00:49,410 --> 00:00:51,030 The next command we're going to focus on is 23 00:00:51,030 --> 00:00:53,460 the time-date control again, 24 00:00:53,460 --> 00:00:56,670 but this time we'll use the subcommand, list timezones. 25 00:00:56,670 --> 00:00:57,900 This is just going to give us a list 26 00:00:57,900 --> 00:01:01,710 of all the time zones that's available on our Linux system, 27 00:01:01,710 --> 00:01:03,150 and all this information can be stored 28 00:01:03,150 --> 00:01:06,033 in a user share zone info folder. 29 00:01:14,970 --> 00:01:18,390 Here we're going to use the subcommand, list timezones. 30 00:01:18,390 --> 00:01:19,680 We're going to pipe it to the grep 31 00:01:19,680 --> 00:01:23,160 and look for London since that was our target destination. 32 00:01:23,160 --> 00:01:25,800 This is a quick way to look through the list 33 00:01:25,800 --> 00:01:28,740 and see if it has exactly what we need to set up. 34 00:01:28,740 --> 00:01:31,200 Okay, it looks like we found Euro London, 35 00:01:31,200 --> 00:01:33,780 so let's go ahead and use that for our next input 36 00:01:33,780 --> 00:01:37,053 on our time-date control, set timezone command. 37 00:01:41,310 --> 00:01:42,510 And after we finish typing this, 38 00:01:42,510 --> 00:01:44,260 we're going to look at our results. 39 00:01:52,020 --> 00:01:52,980 So if you look here, you'll see 40 00:01:52,980 --> 00:01:55,350 that the time zone has changed to Europe, London. 41 00:01:55,350 --> 00:01:58,500 So that change went through successfully. 42 00:01:58,500 --> 00:01:59,550 Now, if you look here, you'll see 43 00:01:59,550 --> 00:02:03,030 that the local time and the UTC are one hour off. 44 00:02:03,030 --> 00:02:05,970 That's because between the times of the end of March 45 00:02:05,970 --> 00:02:09,000 and the last Sunday in October, 46 00:02:09,000 --> 00:02:11,520 that's considered British summertime. 47 00:02:11,520 --> 00:02:13,560 It's the same as UTC, 48 00:02:13,560 --> 00:02:16,200 but the thing is, they adjust it by one hour, 49 00:02:16,200 --> 00:02:17,760 depending on the time of the year. 50 00:02:17,760 --> 00:02:20,370 And another thing to notice is the RTC time. 51 00:02:20,370 --> 00:02:23,610 And that's the hardware clock that's used by the OS, 52 00:02:23,610 --> 00:02:25,650 but most people today use NTP 53 00:02:25,650 --> 00:02:27,480 for any type of synchronization, 54 00:02:27,480 --> 00:02:29,640 and that's going to be Network Timing Protocol. 55 00:02:29,640 --> 00:02:31,860 So with this locale control command, 56 00:02:31,860 --> 00:02:33,420 what we're going to focus on here is 57 00:02:33,420 --> 00:02:35,460 the system's current language locale 58 00:02:35,460 --> 00:02:36,963 and the keyboard layout. 59 00:02:37,830 --> 00:02:39,870 Now, if you see here on the system locale, 60 00:02:39,870 --> 00:02:43,020 it describes the language and the encoding scheme, 61 00:02:43,020 --> 00:02:45,270 which is the UTF-8. 62 00:02:45,270 --> 00:02:47,670 Now that's the standard for most Linux systems, 63 00:02:47,670 --> 00:02:49,890 so we're going to make sure we keep it that way. 64 00:02:49,890 --> 00:02:51,690 The U.S., you see that for the keymaps, 65 00:02:51,690 --> 00:02:54,570 because every keyboard isn't laid out the same. 66 00:02:54,570 --> 00:02:56,280 Different regions have different types. 67 00:02:56,280 --> 00:02:57,210 Even if they're a U.S., 68 00:02:57,210 --> 00:02:59,250 sometimes they could be slightly different. 69 00:02:59,250 --> 00:03:02,490 Some keyboards have more keys than others, et cetera, 70 00:03:02,490 --> 00:03:03,323 so this is a screen 71 00:03:03,323 --> 00:03:05,400 that's going to give us all the information. 72 00:03:05,400 --> 00:03:07,170 We'll go ahead and give a list 73 00:03:07,170 --> 00:03:10,110 of those locales by using the list locale subcommand, 74 00:03:10,110 --> 00:03:12,360 and we're going to look for the English Great Britain 75 00:03:12,360 --> 00:03:15,960 with the UTF-8 encoding scheme 76 00:03:15,960 --> 00:03:17,453 through the list that we have. 77 00:03:21,990 --> 00:03:23,550 Okay, looks like we found it. 78 00:03:23,550 --> 00:03:26,010 And again, if we ever need to search specifically, 79 00:03:26,010 --> 00:03:28,020 we could use a forward slash command 80 00:03:28,020 --> 00:03:30,360 and just type in exactly what we're looking for. 81 00:03:30,360 --> 00:03:32,700 Next, we're going to look for the keymaps, 82 00:03:32,700 --> 00:03:34,380 and we're going to look for the one specifically 83 00:03:34,380 --> 00:03:36,063 for Great Britain, so the G.B. 84 00:03:42,240 --> 00:03:44,010 Okay, we know Great Britain's going to be in there. 85 00:03:44,010 --> 00:03:46,230 It's going to be towards the upper half, 86 00:03:46,230 --> 00:03:47,220 but we're just going to give a look 87 00:03:47,220 --> 00:03:49,140 at all the other options that we have 88 00:03:49,140 --> 00:03:52,803 and just see the wide availability of these locale settings. 89 00:04:00,930 --> 00:04:02,490 Okay, let's go ahead and put these words into action, 90 00:04:02,490 --> 00:04:06,360 and we're going to set the locale for English Great Britain 91 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:08,913 using the UTF-8 encoding scheme, 92 00:04:16,079 --> 00:04:17,250 and while we're at it, we're going to go ahead 93 00:04:17,250 --> 00:04:20,050 and change the keymap settings as well to Great Britain. 94 00:04:24,600 --> 00:04:27,120 So we look here, we'll see the system locale has changed 95 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:29,400 as well as the VC keymap has changed. 96 00:04:29,400 --> 00:04:31,200 Now, if you're using a U.S. keyboard, 97 00:04:31,200 --> 00:04:33,540 and you type the backslash in right now, 98 00:04:33,540 --> 00:04:36,960 you should see a pound symbol or a hashtag, 99 00:04:36,960 --> 00:04:39,270 but, I'm just letting you know if you want to check that out, 100 00:04:39,270 --> 00:04:41,160 that'd be a great way to start. 101 00:04:41,160 --> 00:04:41,993 Now I'm just about to go 102 00:04:41,993 --> 00:04:44,100 through the process of reverting everything back, 103 00:04:44,100 --> 00:04:44,933 just to make sure 104 00:04:44,933 --> 00:04:47,160 I don't have any wonky things happen in the future, 105 00:04:47,160 --> 00:04:48,720 but that sums up this walkthrough. 106 00:04:48,720 --> 00:04:52,110 We just went through how to configure the locale settings 107 00:04:52,110 --> 00:04:53,070 as well as the keymaps, 108 00:04:53,070 --> 00:04:54,570 just went over a little information 109 00:04:54,570 --> 00:04:56,070 about how those things work 110 00:04:56,070 --> 00:04:58,350 and how to configure 'em on our Linux system, 111 00:04:58,350 --> 00:05:00,150 and I'll see you in the next lesson.