1 00:00:00,090 --> 00:00:01,230 Now, as we continue to add things 2 00:00:01,230 --> 00:00:02,550 to our backup drive, 3 00:00:02,550 --> 00:00:06,990 we'll notice that the spaces rapidly being consumed. 4 00:00:06,990 --> 00:00:09,060 Now, the best thing we should do in this scenario 5 00:00:09,060 --> 00:00:10,560 is to compress the files. 6 00:00:10,560 --> 00:00:12,600 So we're going to go over three different methods 7 00:00:12,600 --> 00:00:14,040 of compressing these files. 8 00:00:14,040 --> 00:00:16,740 We're going to go through and use the gzip, the XZ method, 9 00:00:16,740 --> 00:00:18,363 and the bzip2 method. 10 00:00:19,230 --> 00:00:20,610 All right, so the first thing we're going to do, 11 00:00:20,610 --> 00:00:22,360 we're going to go to our backup drive. 12 00:00:24,510 --> 00:00:25,830 Okay, I'm going to list out. 13 00:00:25,830 --> 00:00:28,770 Now, if we see our employee data.tar file, 14 00:00:28,770 --> 00:00:30,660 it's roughly 10 kilobytes. 15 00:00:30,660 --> 00:00:34,173 Okay, so we're going to compress this using gzip first. 16 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:39,390 So we're going to use the sudo bash command. 17 00:00:39,390 --> 00:00:42,120 So you remember, when we use the C command, 18 00:00:42,120 --> 00:00:45,880 this will allow us to simultaneously create the file 19 00:00:47,880 --> 00:00:49,710 without deleting the current one 20 00:00:49,710 --> 00:00:52,800 'cause by default, it replaces the current one 21 00:00:52,800 --> 00:00:53,950 and we don't want that. 22 00:00:55,260 --> 00:00:59,250 Okay, now we see it compressed by 97.5%. 23 00:00:59,250 --> 00:01:00,400 So let's list this out. 24 00:01:06,060 --> 00:01:11,060 And now we see that it's now from 10 kilobytes to 290 bytes. 25 00:01:11,220 --> 00:01:13,170 That is a significant reduction. 26 00:01:13,170 --> 00:01:15,540 And this should be a practice that you use frequently 27 00:01:15,540 --> 00:01:17,550 when you're storing data. 28 00:01:17,550 --> 00:01:18,960 Next, we can go through the process 29 00:01:18,960 --> 00:01:22,800 of uncompressing this archive with tar command. 30 00:01:22,800 --> 00:01:24,270 And one good thing about the tar command, 31 00:01:24,270 --> 00:01:27,480 it allows us to use the z option 32 00:01:27,480 --> 00:01:30,300 which will decompress simultaneously 33 00:01:30,300 --> 00:01:32,520 so we won't have to decompress 34 00:01:32,520 --> 00:01:36,000 and then remove the files from the tar. 35 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:37,530 We can do it all at once. 36 00:01:37,530 --> 00:01:38,530 So we list this out. 37 00:01:41,910 --> 00:01:44,190 We can see the employee info folder 38 00:01:44,190 --> 00:01:45,690 has been removed from the tar 39 00:01:45,690 --> 00:01:48,543 and it's also decompressed simultaneously. 40 00:01:50,280 --> 00:01:54,333 Next, we're going to compress and decompress with the XZ tool. 41 00:01:55,170 --> 00:01:58,353 So again, let's do sudo, new xz, 42 00:01:59,937 --> 00:02:02,250 and the -k, that means we're going to keep it. 43 00:02:02,250 --> 00:02:05,103 And again, v always means revolve for the most part. 44 00:02:06,690 --> 00:02:09,360 Okay, we see here that it's 100% complete. 45 00:02:09,360 --> 00:02:11,580 That's the progress of the compression. 46 00:02:11,580 --> 00:02:13,530 And it's .03, which indicates 47 00:02:13,530 --> 00:02:16,140 that it's 3% of the original file size. 48 00:02:16,140 --> 00:02:21,140 But to note the differences between XZ and gzip, 49 00:02:21,360 --> 00:02:23,670 XZ is usually better at compression, 50 00:02:23,670 --> 00:02:25,770 meaning, it's a higher ratio 51 00:02:25,770 --> 00:02:28,620 so it can make the file a lot smaller than gzip, 52 00:02:28,620 --> 00:02:31,323 but gzip has an advantage in speed. 53 00:02:32,220 --> 00:02:34,860 All right, let's list this out really quick. 54 00:02:34,860 --> 00:02:37,770 In this case, our starting file sizes were so small. 55 00:02:37,770 --> 00:02:40,110 The XZ actually ended up being a bit larger 56 00:02:40,110 --> 00:02:41,370 than gzip this time. 57 00:02:41,370 --> 00:02:45,150 But normally, XZ will have these smaller file sizes. 58 00:02:45,150 --> 00:02:49,560 All right, next we're going to decompress this XZ file, 59 00:02:49,560 --> 00:02:50,730 now a tar. 60 00:02:50,730 --> 00:02:52,560 Earlier we used the Z command. 61 00:02:52,560 --> 00:02:54,990 Now this time, we're going to use the capital J, 62 00:02:54,990 --> 00:02:59,730 that's going to allow us to do that, .xz. 63 00:02:59,730 --> 00:03:01,950 All right, that went through successfully. 64 00:03:01,950 --> 00:03:03,750 Let's list this out. 65 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:06,570 And we see the employee info is back in there. 66 00:03:06,570 --> 00:03:09,220 Last but not least, we're going to use the bzip command. 67 00:03:10,080 --> 00:03:12,993 And this is a nice balance between XZ and gzip. 68 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:17,460 So we're going to use -k, that will keep the file, 69 00:03:17,460 --> 00:03:18,573 employee data.tar. 70 00:03:21,000 --> 00:03:24,030 All right, and again, now we're going to decompress it. 71 00:03:24,030 --> 00:03:27,963 We're going to use the tar, okay xj, tar.bz2. 72 00:03:33,300 --> 00:03:35,340 And again, that listed it out. 73 00:03:35,340 --> 00:03:37,321 List this out. 74 00:03:37,321 --> 00:03:40,263 Now we can see the employee info is back in there. 75 00:03:42,060 --> 00:03:44,460 Okay, just walk through how to compress files 76 00:03:44,460 --> 00:03:46,080 using the tar files 77 00:03:46,080 --> 00:03:48,720 and how the tar command implements options 78 00:03:48,720 --> 00:03:52,170 that allows us to decompress as well as extract the file 79 00:03:52,170 --> 00:03:54,150 from the tar itself. 80 00:03:54,150 --> 00:03:56,580 Now, typically the XZ compression method 81 00:03:56,580 --> 00:03:57,870 compresses things a lot better, 82 00:03:57,870 --> 00:04:00,210 but we see this time with the gzip, 83 00:04:00,210 --> 00:04:02,763 it actually won out on this particular test. 84 00:04:03,660 --> 00:04:06,990 But overall, the XZ is the better method, 85 00:04:06,990 --> 00:04:09,150 gzip is the best for speed 86 00:04:09,150 --> 00:04:12,690 and the bzip2 is the best balance between the two. 87 00:04:12,690 --> 00:04:14,310 Thank you for sticking me through this lesson 88 00:04:14,310 --> 00:04:15,960 and I'll see you in the next one.