1 1 00:00:00,620 --> 00:00:03,200 Wide Area Networks or WANs. 2 2 00:00:03,200 --> 00:00:04,460 In this section of the course, 3 3 00:00:04,460 --> 00:00:05,510 we're going to start moving 4 4 00:00:05,510 --> 00:00:07,200 outside of our Local Area Networks 5 5 00:00:07,200 --> 00:00:08,350 by using our routers 6 6 00:00:08,350 --> 00:00:10,620 and connecting to a Wide Area Network. 7 7 00:00:10,620 --> 00:00:12,450 You see so far we've covered 8 8 00:00:12,450 --> 00:00:14,070 switching within our local networks 9 9 00:00:14,070 --> 00:00:15,970 and we introduced the concept of routing, 10 10 00:00:15,970 --> 00:00:17,300 which allows us to leave our networks 11 11 00:00:17,300 --> 00:00:18,770 and connect to other networks. 12 12 00:00:18,770 --> 00:00:20,330 But we really haven't discussed 13 13 00:00:20,330 --> 00:00:22,770 how we're actually going to connect those two networks together 14 14 00:00:22,770 --> 00:00:24,770 and communicate over long distances. 15 15 00:00:24,770 --> 00:00:26,630 And that is where a WAN connection 16 16 00:00:26,630 --> 00:00:28,240 is going to be important. 17 17 00:00:28,240 --> 00:00:30,100 So let's take a quick look back 18 18 00:00:30,100 --> 00:00:31,720 at computing over time, 19 19 00:00:31,720 --> 00:00:33,500 because back in the 1990s, 20 20 00:00:33,500 --> 00:00:35,440 we had this thing called the 80-20 Rule 21 21 00:00:35,440 --> 00:00:36,920 or the Pareto Principle. 22 22 00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:38,610 Now the Pareto Principle actually comes 23 23 00:00:38,610 --> 00:00:39,460 from the business world, 24 24 00:00:39,460 --> 00:00:41,510 but as we apply it to networks, 25 25 00:00:41,510 --> 00:00:43,800 it essentially said that 80% of your traffic 26 26 00:00:43,800 --> 00:00:45,830 would stay inside your Local Area Network, 27 27 00:00:45,830 --> 00:00:48,070 while only 20% went out to the WAN 28 28 00:00:48,070 --> 00:00:49,650 or the Wide Area Network. 29 29 00:00:49,650 --> 00:00:52,410 For that reason, it was common for a large organization 30 30 00:00:52,410 --> 00:00:54,730 to only have a very small external connection, 31 31 00:00:54,730 --> 00:00:55,610 something in the range 32 32 00:00:55,610 --> 00:00:58,310 of 1.44 megabits per second, for example, 33 33 00:00:58,310 --> 00:00:59,630 and that would have been plenty 34 34 00:00:59,630 --> 00:01:00,930 for all of their needs. 35 35 00:01:00,930 --> 00:01:03,140 After all, only 20% of the time 36 36 00:01:03,140 --> 00:01:04,940 were they actually going outside of their network 37 37 00:01:04,940 --> 00:01:07,170 to reach out and touch something like the internet. 38 38 00:01:07,170 --> 00:01:09,160 So they can have these slower, cheaper, 39 39 00:01:09,160 --> 00:01:10,610 low bandwidth WAN connections, 40 40 00:01:10,610 --> 00:01:12,890 and still meet the needs of the business. 41 41 00:01:12,890 --> 00:01:14,490 Now today, the Pareto Principle 42 42 00:01:14,490 --> 00:01:16,130 has really been flipped on its head. 43 43 00:01:16,130 --> 00:01:18,360 These days, it's more like 80% of your traffic 44 44 00:01:18,360 --> 00:01:19,560 goes out of your network 45 45 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:22,740 and only 20% stays within your Local Area Network. 46 46 00:01:22,740 --> 00:01:25,200 Let's consider the company you work for right now. 47 47 00:01:25,200 --> 00:01:26,710 Are you using things like the cloud, 48 48 00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:28,560 or using Google Drive or Dropbox 49 49 00:01:28,560 --> 00:01:31,080 or Google Docs or Office 365? 50 50 00:01:31,080 --> 00:01:33,130 All of these are cloud-based applications 51 51 00:01:33,130 --> 00:01:34,890 that exist outside your network. 52 52 00:01:34,890 --> 00:01:37,030 And you've probably spent a large portion of your day 53 53 00:01:37,030 --> 00:01:38,760 doing things like watching online videos 54 54 00:01:38,760 --> 00:01:39,850 by going to YouTube 55 55 00:01:39,850 --> 00:01:41,700 or scrolling your newsfeed on Facebook, 56 56 00:01:41,700 --> 00:01:43,620 or even making voice phone calls. 57 57 00:01:43,620 --> 00:01:45,950 All of these things require us to leave the LAN 58 58 00:01:45,950 --> 00:01:48,480 and send data over our WAN connections. 59 59 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:49,960 So in this section of the course, 60 60 00:01:49,960 --> 00:01:51,020 we're going to take a look at 61 61 00:01:51,020 --> 00:01:53,070 the importance of the Wide Area Network, 62 62 00:01:53,070 --> 00:01:54,870 how we're going to use a WAN connection 63 63 00:01:54,870 --> 00:01:56,920 and how we can connect to the outside world 64 64 00:01:56,920 --> 00:01:58,740 using our WAN connections. 65 65 00:01:58,740 --> 00:02:00,490 All right. So in this section of the course, 66 66 00:02:00,490 --> 00:02:02,250 we're going to cover two domains. 67 67 00:02:02,250 --> 00:02:03,120 In domain one, 68 68 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:04,980 we're going to talk about Networking Fundamentals, 69 69 00:02:04,980 --> 00:02:05,900 and in domain two, 70 70 00:02:05,900 --> 00:02:08,260 we're going to talk about Network Implementations. 71 71 00:02:08,260 --> 00:02:09,970 Now specifically, we're going to talk about 72 72 00:02:09,970 --> 00:02:11,773 objectives 1.2 and 2.4. 73 73 00:02:12,610 --> 00:02:14,080 Objective 1.2 states 74 74 00:02:14,080 --> 00:02:15,680 that you must explain the characteristics 75 75 00:02:15,680 --> 00:02:18,100 of network topologies and network types. 76 76 00:02:18,100 --> 00:02:19,840 And objective 2.4 states 77 77 00:02:19,840 --> 00:02:21,990 that given a scenario, you must install 78 78 00:02:21,990 --> 00:02:23,970 and configure the appropriate wireless standards 79 79 00:02:23,970 --> 00:02:25,290 and technologies. 80 80 00:02:25,290 --> 00:02:26,750 So let's get started 81 81 00:02:26,750 --> 00:02:28,903 with our coverage of Wide Area Networks. 82 82 00:02:29,990 --> 00:02:32,216 (gentle upbeat music)