1 1 00:00:00,880 --> 00:00:01,960 Network Basics. 2 2 00:00:01,960 --> 00:00:04,660 So, when you think of a computer network, 3 3 00:00:04,660 --> 00:00:06,010 what comes to mind? 4 4 00:00:06,010 --> 00:00:07,770 Do you think of a router and switch? 5 5 00:00:07,770 --> 00:00:09,360 Do you think of your wireless network at home 6 6 00:00:09,360 --> 00:00:11,280 that you're accessing this video over? 7 7 00:00:11,280 --> 00:00:13,070 Is it limited to just computers? 8 8 00:00:13,070 --> 00:00:14,850 Is it limited to just the internet? 9 9 00:00:14,850 --> 00:00:16,010 Is it limited to WiFi 10 10 00:00:16,010 --> 00:00:18,212 or wired networks, like ethernet or fiber? 11 11 00:00:18,212 --> 00:00:19,770 Well, no. 12 12 00:00:19,770 --> 00:00:22,120 There are a lot of different types of networks out there, 13 13 00:00:22,120 --> 00:00:23,490 and when it comes down to it, 14 14 00:00:23,490 --> 00:00:25,590 the purpose of these networks is to make connections 15 15 00:00:25,590 --> 00:00:28,480 between lots and lots of different types of machines. 16 16 00:00:28,480 --> 00:00:30,420 For example, if you have an Apple Watch 17 17 00:00:30,420 --> 00:00:32,120 or some kind of other smartwatch, 18 18 00:00:32,120 --> 00:00:34,334 there's a connection between your watch and your smartphone, 19 19 00:00:34,334 --> 00:00:36,014 and this happens over Bluetooth. 20 20 00:00:36,014 --> 00:00:37,410 And guess what? 21 21 00:00:37,410 --> 00:00:38,730 This a network. 22 22 00:00:38,730 --> 00:00:41,590 It's actually called a PAN, a personal area network, 23 23 00:00:41,590 --> 00:00:43,100 because of the small distance 24 24 00:00:43,100 --> 00:00:45,210 between the phone and your watch. 25 25 00:00:45,210 --> 00:00:47,270 Now there's also the typical WiFi network 26 26 00:00:47,270 --> 00:00:48,103 that you're used to 27 27 00:00:48,103 --> 00:00:50,340 when you connect your tablet to your wireless access point 28 28 00:00:50,340 --> 00:00:51,173 at home. 29 29 00:00:51,173 --> 00:00:52,940 And then, you connect out to the internet. 30 30 00:00:52,940 --> 00:00:54,620 These are also networks. 31 31 00:00:54,620 --> 00:00:57,200 Or maybe your desktop is connected to a hub, 32 32 00:00:57,200 --> 00:00:58,580 and then connecting to a switch 33 33 00:00:58,580 --> 00:00:59,880 that connects to a router 34 34 00:00:59,880 --> 00:01:01,660 and then that connects to the internet. 35 35 00:01:01,660 --> 00:01:04,720 All of these are parts and pieces of a network. 36 36 00:01:04,720 --> 00:01:06,840 You see, there's a lot of different kinds of networks 37 37 00:01:06,840 --> 00:01:07,673 out there 38 38 00:01:07,673 --> 00:01:10,410 and these networks all have started to become converged 39 39 00:01:10,410 --> 00:01:11,720 over time. 40 40 00:01:11,720 --> 00:01:12,830 Now in the old days, 41 41 00:01:12,830 --> 00:01:15,360 we had different networks for different purposes. 42 42 00:01:15,360 --> 00:01:17,470 When I grew up, we had a telephone network 43 43 00:01:17,470 --> 00:01:19,630 and all it did was allow us to pick up the phone 44 44 00:01:19,630 --> 00:01:22,310 and make a phone call over an analog network. 45 45 00:01:22,310 --> 00:01:24,360 And then, we had computer networks 46 46 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:26,820 and those were used to transmit data back and forth 47 47 00:01:26,820 --> 00:01:28,340 over a digital network, 48 48 00:01:28,340 --> 00:01:30,170 and these were separate things. 49 49 00:01:30,170 --> 00:01:33,250 An analog phone network and the digital data network. 50 50 00:01:33,250 --> 00:01:36,650 But over time, all of this merged and converged. 51 51 00:01:36,650 --> 00:01:39,100 And now, we have often single networks 52 52 00:01:39,100 --> 00:01:41,210 that do voice, video, and data, 53 53 00:01:41,210 --> 00:01:44,160 and it's all traveling over the same network lines. 54 54 00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:46,770 So these days when you pick up your smartphone, 55 55 00:01:46,770 --> 00:01:49,230 it really doesn't care whether you're making a voice call, 56 56 00:01:49,230 --> 00:01:51,810 sending out a text message, or you're surfing the internet 57 57 00:01:51,810 --> 00:01:53,080 or watching a video. 58 58 00:01:53,080 --> 00:01:55,610 All of this is going to use your data connection. 59 59 00:01:55,610 --> 00:01:58,420 To the phone and the carrier, it's all created the same. 60 60 00:01:58,420 --> 00:02:02,230 It's just ones and zeros going out over a digital network. 61 61 00:02:02,230 --> 00:02:03,780 Now because of this convergence 62 62 00:02:03,780 --> 00:02:05,310 and our reliance on our networks, 63 63 00:02:05,310 --> 00:02:07,530 we expect a high availability in uptime 64 64 00:02:07,530 --> 00:02:09,960 for all of our networks and devices. 65 65 00:02:09,960 --> 00:02:11,680 As somebody who used to be an IT director 66 66 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:13,140 for a large organization, 67 67 00:02:13,140 --> 00:02:16,960 I can tell you that our customers expect 100% uptime. 68 68 00:02:16,960 --> 00:02:19,390 But honestly, that is just not realistic 69 69 00:02:19,390 --> 00:02:21,380 because that means we would never have any downtime 70 70 00:02:21,380 --> 00:02:23,240 and nothing would ever go wrong. 71 71 00:02:23,240 --> 00:02:24,500 So instead, our promise 72 72 00:02:24,500 --> 00:02:26,380 to our customers and business networks 73 73 00:02:26,380 --> 00:02:29,718 was that we would have a 99.999% uptime. 74 74 00:02:29,718 --> 00:02:33,300 Now this is what we call the 5 nines of availability. 75 75 00:02:33,300 --> 00:02:35,140 That's a common networking term. 76 76 00:02:35,140 --> 00:02:38,230 This isn't 100%, but it's pretty darn close 77 77 00:02:38,230 --> 00:02:39,404 and pretty darn reliable. 78 78 00:02:39,404 --> 00:02:42,850 So what does this equate to in real numbers in our network? 79 79 00:02:42,850 --> 00:02:45,160 Well, it means that through the course of the year, 80 80 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:47,750 I'm only allowed to have five minutes of downtime. 81 81 00:02:47,750 --> 00:02:48,583 That's it. 82 82 00:02:48,583 --> 00:02:52,390 Five whole minutes each year for all the downtime required. 83 83 00:02:52,390 --> 00:02:56,081 The rest of the year, all 365 days, 24 hours a day, 84 84 00:02:56,081 --> 00:02:57,900 I have to be up and running 85 85 00:02:57,900 --> 00:03:00,770 with my network and my devices all of the time. 86 86 00:03:00,770 --> 00:03:02,190 And that's the challenge that we face 87 87 00:03:02,190 --> 00:03:04,710 as network technicians and network administrators. 88 88 00:03:04,710 --> 00:03:06,350 We've got to keep these networks up 89 89 00:03:06,350 --> 00:03:08,290 and keep the data flowing. 90 90 00:03:08,290 --> 00:03:09,520 So in this course, 91 91 00:03:09,520 --> 00:03:11,294 that's exactly what we're going to teach you. 92 92 00:03:11,294 --> 00:03:13,190 We're going to help make sure you understand 93 93 00:03:13,190 --> 00:03:14,460 the fundamentals of networks 94 94 00:03:14,460 --> 00:03:16,420 and how to troubleshoot thing when they break 95 95 00:03:16,420 --> 00:03:17,720 because this is fundamental 96 96 00:03:17,720 --> 00:03:20,380 to keeping our networks up and online. 97 97 00:03:20,380 --> 00:03:22,710 Now once we have those networks up and running, 98 98 00:03:22,710 --> 00:03:23,607 you may be wondering, 99 99 00:03:23,607 --> 00:03:25,660 "What kind of things can we do with it?" 100 100 00:03:25,660 --> 00:03:27,710 In other words, what kind of network traffic 101 101 00:03:27,710 --> 00:03:30,760 can we expect to see within our converged networks? 102 102 00:03:30,760 --> 00:03:32,740 Well, we have things like file sharing 103 103 00:03:32,740 --> 00:03:35,290 and video chatting, like Skype and FaceTime. 104 104 00:03:35,290 --> 00:03:36,620 We have surfing the web, 105 105 00:03:36,620 --> 00:03:39,630 like going to Google and Facebook or diontraining.com. 106 106 00:03:39,630 --> 00:03:42,840 There's social media like LinkedIn and Facebook and Twitter. 107 107 00:03:42,840 --> 00:03:43,940 There's streaming videos, 108 108 00:03:43,940 --> 00:03:45,250 like what you're watching right now 109 109 00:03:45,250 --> 00:03:47,340 or going over to YouTube or Netflix. 110 110 00:03:47,340 --> 00:03:49,470 There's emails, there's instant messages, 111 111 00:03:49,470 --> 00:03:51,550 there's voice over IP with phone calls. 112 112 00:03:51,550 --> 00:03:54,120 THere's lots and lots of different types of traffic 113 113 00:03:54,120 --> 00:03:55,670 all going across our network 114 114 00:03:55,670 --> 00:03:57,420 and there's new types of traffic 115 115 00:03:57,420 --> 00:03:59,150 happening all the time, as well, 116 116 00:03:59,150 --> 00:04:00,940 because new things are being designed 117 117 00:04:00,940 --> 00:04:02,470 and added to our networks. 118 118 00:04:02,470 --> 00:04:04,740 And we as network technicians and administrators 119 119 00:04:04,740 --> 00:04:07,600 are going to be expected to support all of it. 120 120 00:04:07,600 --> 00:04:09,610 Supporting all of this network traffic 121 121 00:04:09,610 --> 00:04:12,320 is a huge struggle and a big challenge, 122 122 00:04:12,320 --> 00:04:13,610 especially if you want to maintain 123 123 00:04:13,610 --> 00:04:15,470 those 5 nines of availability. 124 124 00:04:15,470 --> 00:04:18,460 That 99.999% uptime. 125 125 00:04:18,460 --> 00:04:20,330 But, we're going to work through that 126 126 00:04:20,330 --> 00:04:22,850 and all of the different challenges and how we overcome them 127 127 00:04:22,850 --> 00:04:24,830 throughout the rest of this course. 128 128 00:04:24,830 --> 00:04:28,300 So what are we going to cover in this section of the course? 129 129 00:04:28,300 --> 00:04:30,881 Well, we're going to be focusing on network basics, 130 130 00:04:30,881 --> 00:04:33,260 such as the different components of our network, 131 131 00:04:33,260 --> 00:04:34,810 the resources in our networks, 132 132 00:04:34,810 --> 00:04:37,430 the network geography we use to describe our networks, 133 133 00:04:37,430 --> 00:04:40,210 the basics of wired and wireless network topologies; 134 134 00:04:40,210 --> 00:04:42,337 and some of the newest types of network clients, 135 135 00:04:42,337 --> 00:04:44,250 the Internet of Things. 136 136 00:04:44,250 --> 00:04:46,721 We're going to spend most of our time here in Domain One, 137 137 00:04:46,721 --> 00:04:48,420 networking fundamentals 138 138 00:04:48,420 --> 00:04:51,440 specifically focusing on Objective 1.2, 139 139 00:04:51,440 --> 00:04:53,580 which states that we must be able to explain 140 140 00:04:53,580 --> 00:04:57,150 the characteristics of network topologies and network types. 141 141 00:04:57,150 --> 00:04:59,810 We're also going to briefly cover a portion of Domain Two, 142 142 00:04:59,810 --> 00:05:01,150 network implementations, 143 143 00:05:01,150 --> 00:05:02,742 by discussing Objective 2.1 144 144 00:05:02,742 --> 00:05:04,840 in our network components lesson, 145 145 00:05:04,840 --> 00:05:07,940 as we compare and contrast various devices, their features, 146 146 00:05:07,940 --> 00:05:10,500 and their appropriate placement on the network. 147 147 00:05:10,500 --> 00:05:13,563 So let's dive into this section on Network Basics.