1 1 00:00:00,290 --> 00:00:02,530 So, we've already talked about how to make cables, 2 2 00:00:02,530 --> 00:00:04,100 at least from the perspective 3 3 00:00:04,100 --> 00:00:06,600 of knowing the right colors for the right ends. 4 4 00:00:06,600 --> 00:00:08,540 If you want a straight through cable, for instance, 5 5 00:00:08,540 --> 00:00:11,633 you want to make sure you have orange/white, orange, 6 6 00:00:11,633 --> 00:00:16,570 green/white, blue, blue/white, green, brown/white, brown, 7 7 00:00:16,570 --> 00:00:18,850 on both ends of your cable. 8 8 00:00:18,850 --> 00:00:20,440 Then, if you want a crossover cable 9 9 00:00:20,440 --> 00:00:21,880 you're going to have that on one side, 10 10 00:00:21,880 --> 00:00:23,850 but on the other side, you're going to use 11 11 00:00:23,850 --> 00:00:27,660 green/white, green, orange/white, blue, blue/white, 12 12 00:00:27,660 --> 00:00:30,110 orange, brown/white, brown. 13 13 00:00:30,110 --> 00:00:32,080 And really, what we're doing there is we're switching pins 14 14 00:00:32,080 --> 00:00:33,950 one, two, three, and six, 15 15 00:00:33,950 --> 00:00:35,780 with pins one, two, three, and six 16 16 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:38,470 on the send and receive side of the cable. 17 17 00:00:38,470 --> 00:00:40,140 Now, why am I bringing all that up? 18 18 00:00:40,140 --> 00:00:42,410 Well, because I wanted to show you a couple of the tools 19 19 00:00:42,410 --> 00:00:44,490 we use when we're building out this cables. 20 20 00:00:44,490 --> 00:00:46,950 Whether you're making a straight through or a crossover, 21 21 00:00:46,950 --> 00:00:48,990 these are going to be the tools you're going to use. 22 22 00:00:48,990 --> 00:00:50,690 So, here in front of me, you'll see 23 23 00:00:50,690 --> 00:00:53,190 that I have this one little kit that I've put together. 24 24 00:00:53,190 --> 00:00:54,940 Now, you can get everything you see here 25 25 00:00:54,940 --> 00:00:58,420 for about $10 on Amazon if you're located in the US. 26 26 00:00:58,420 --> 00:01:00,850 It'll come with 100 of these end connectors 27 27 00:01:00,850 --> 00:01:03,340 which is what you put onto the cable on both ends 28 28 00:01:03,340 --> 00:01:05,310 to plug it into the computer, the switch, 29 29 00:01:05,310 --> 00:01:06,670 or the patch panel. 30 30 00:01:06,670 --> 00:01:08,620 You'll also see we have the wire stripper. 31 31 00:01:08,620 --> 00:01:09,990 This is going to be able to allow us 32 32 00:01:09,990 --> 00:01:11,859 to strip off the outer sheath of the cable 33 33 00:01:11,859 --> 00:01:13,441 so, we can get to those inner eight wires 34 34 00:01:13,441 --> 00:01:16,796 to be able to push them through into the connectors 35 35 00:01:16,796 --> 00:01:17,880 and then crimp them. 36 36 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:20,770 And as you can see here, we have an RJ45 crimper. 37 37 00:01:20,770 --> 00:01:23,514 You'll see that it has a cutter here at the bottom. 38 38 00:01:23,514 --> 00:01:26,240 And you can put it in there, squeeze it together, 39 39 00:01:26,240 --> 00:01:27,770 and that will cut your cable. 40 40 00:01:27,770 --> 00:01:30,930 And then, up here at the top, we have three different sizes. 41 41 00:01:30,930 --> 00:01:35,170 The one in the middle is RJ45, which is an eight-wire pin 42 42 00:01:35,170 --> 00:01:36,690 or 8P as it's called. 43 43 00:01:36,690 --> 00:01:38,260 We have a six pin, 44 44 00:01:38,260 --> 00:01:40,730 which is going to be used for phone cables. 45 45 00:01:40,730 --> 00:01:42,750 That'll be something like an RJ11. 46 46 00:01:42,750 --> 00:01:46,200 And then, on the right side here, we have a four pin, 47 47 00:01:46,200 --> 00:01:48,540 which would be used for some very strange connections 48 48 00:01:48,540 --> 00:01:50,120 that honestly I've never used. 49 49 00:01:50,120 --> 00:01:52,390 I've always used either the phone with the six pin 50 50 00:01:52,390 --> 00:01:54,240 or the network with the eight pin. 51 51 00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:56,540 And that's what we're going to be focused on here today. 52 52 00:01:56,540 --> 00:02:00,320 Now, over here, you'll also see that I have a cable tester. 53 53 00:02:00,320 --> 00:02:02,540 And so, when I'm done making my cable, I want to be able 54 54 00:02:02,540 --> 00:02:04,670 to test it and make sure it works properly. 55 55 00:02:04,670 --> 00:02:07,100 And to do that, you simply are going to take it, 56 56 00:02:07,100 --> 00:02:10,000 you're going to plug in the RJ45 connector 57 57 00:02:10,000 --> 00:02:13,620 into the receiver here and the sender over here. 58 58 00:02:13,620 --> 00:02:15,470 And then, on the front of it, we'll be able to see 59 59 00:02:15,470 --> 00:02:17,920 those cable connections, those pins from here, 60 60 00:02:17,920 --> 00:02:19,150 over to the other side. 61 61 00:02:19,150 --> 00:02:20,580 And so, if we're doing a straight through cable, 62 62 00:02:20,580 --> 00:02:22,550 it's really easy cause one needs to match one 63 63 00:02:22,550 --> 00:02:24,040 and two needs to match two. 64 64 00:02:24,040 --> 00:02:25,955 But if we're doing a crossover, we need to remember 65 65 00:02:25,955 --> 00:02:27,390 those different pinouts 66 66 00:02:27,390 --> 00:02:29,300 because it's going to look a little different. 67 67 00:02:29,300 --> 00:02:32,120 So, let me show you how this works with a real cable. 68 68 00:02:32,120 --> 00:02:33,490 So, if you want to make a cable, 69 69 00:02:33,490 --> 00:02:35,280 you're going to start out with bulk cable. 70 70 00:02:35,280 --> 00:02:37,440 And so, I have right here a nice piece of cable. 71 71 00:02:37,440 --> 00:02:39,262 It's about maybe two-feet long. 72 72 00:02:39,262 --> 00:02:40,880 And you can see here on this end 73 73 00:02:40,880 --> 00:02:43,533 that all those little individual wires are inside of it. 74 74 00:02:43,533 --> 00:02:45,140 Now, what I want to be able to do 75 75 00:02:45,140 --> 00:02:46,880 is pull those inside wires out 76 76 00:02:46,880 --> 00:02:48,890 and remove this outer sheathing 77 77 00:02:48,890 --> 00:02:51,230 so that I can work with them and make a cable. 78 78 00:02:51,230 --> 00:02:53,900 To do that, I'm going to use my wire stripper. 79 79 00:02:53,900 --> 00:02:55,915 All you have to do is pinch on here, 80 80 00:02:55,915 --> 00:03:00,330 go down, put it in there, and then you're just going 81 81 00:03:00,330 --> 00:03:01,990 to run your finger around like that. 82 82 00:03:01,990 --> 00:03:03,976 And that's going to cut the outer sheath only. 83 83 00:03:03,976 --> 00:03:06,350 And then, I can just pull it off. 84 84 00:03:06,350 --> 00:03:09,120 And now, you can see those pairs of cables. 85 85 00:03:09,120 --> 00:03:10,780 And we call them twisted pair 86 86 00:03:10,780 --> 00:03:13,640 because they literally are twisted pairs. 87 87 00:03:13,640 --> 00:03:16,180 You can see here is the brown and the brown/white. 88 88 00:03:16,180 --> 00:03:17,890 Here is the green and the green/white. 89 89 00:03:17,890 --> 00:03:18,970 The blue and the blue/white. 90 90 00:03:18,970 --> 00:03:20,790 The orange and the orange/white. 91 91 00:03:20,790 --> 00:03:21,740 Next, what we're going to want to do 92 92 00:03:21,740 --> 00:03:24,260 is we're going to want to unwrap those cables. 93 93 00:03:24,260 --> 00:03:26,720 And we're going to try to flatten them out as best we can. 94 94 00:03:26,720 --> 00:03:27,670 What I like to do is I like 95 95 00:03:27,670 --> 00:03:29,490 to cut off the excess that I don't need. 96 96 00:03:29,490 --> 00:03:31,189 To do that, you're just going to put them in the crimper 97 97 00:03:31,189 --> 00:03:34,180 and cut down and they'll get cut off. 98 98 00:03:34,180 --> 00:03:36,209 Now, at this point, what I want to do 99 99 00:03:36,209 --> 00:03:40,090 is I want to put those into the end of the connector. 100 100 00:03:40,090 --> 00:03:42,670 And to do that, you're just going to slide them in. 101 101 00:03:42,670 --> 00:03:45,212 And each of those is going to end up getting into the end 102 102 00:03:45,212 --> 00:03:48,290 of those pins here on the end. 103 103 00:03:48,290 --> 00:03:50,280 Once you have it into the right position, 104 104 00:03:50,280 --> 00:03:52,055 you're going to put it into the crimper 105 105 00:03:52,055 --> 00:03:55,815 and all you have to do is push down. 106 106 00:03:55,815 --> 00:03:59,310 And now, you have a cable that's made on the connector 107 107 00:03:59,310 --> 00:04:00,480 and it's nice and solid. 108 108 00:04:00,480 --> 00:04:02,410 You'll do the same thing on the other side 109 109 00:04:02,410 --> 00:04:04,240 and then, you want to test the cable. 110 110 00:04:04,240 --> 00:04:05,860 So, let me go ahead and fast forward here a little bit 111 111 00:04:05,860 --> 00:04:07,123 to a ready-made cable. 112 112 00:04:09,231 --> 00:04:11,474 And I'm going to take my cable tester 113 113 00:04:11,474 --> 00:04:13,500 and a ready-made little patch cable 114 114 00:04:13,500 --> 00:04:14,830 that's a straight through. 115 115 00:04:14,830 --> 00:04:16,340 Just for this demonstration. 116 116 00:04:16,340 --> 00:04:19,360 Now, this does come apart so that I can have a long cable 117 117 00:04:19,360 --> 00:04:21,883 and have it on one end and the other end, if I need to. 118 118 00:04:21,883 --> 00:04:23,580 What I'm going to do is I'm just going to flip this around 119 119 00:04:23,580 --> 00:04:25,280 so you can see it a little better. 120 120 00:04:27,920 --> 00:04:30,290 And I'm going to connect that in. 121 121 00:04:30,290 --> 00:04:31,940 Now, when I turn this on, 122 122 00:04:34,270 --> 00:04:37,040 you're going to see that that straight through cable, 123 123 00:04:37,040 --> 00:04:39,000 they are going straight through. 124 124 00:04:39,000 --> 00:04:41,433 And each pin is matching up with its own. 125 125 00:04:43,140 --> 00:04:46,170 And this tells me that the cable's good, it's that easy. 126 126 00:04:46,170 --> 00:04:48,530 Now, if it was a crossover cable, we'd be matching up 127 127 00:04:48,530 --> 00:04:50,940 pins one, two, three, and six with the other side 128 128 00:04:50,940 --> 00:04:52,370 that it matches up appropriately. 129 129 00:04:52,370 --> 00:04:54,377 But this was a straight though cable, it's a patch cable. 130 130 00:04:54,377 --> 00:04:57,340 And you can see that it worked and it's working just fine. 131 131 00:04:57,340 --> 00:04:59,500 Now, do you have to be able to do this for the exam? 132 132 00:04:59,500 --> 00:05:01,260 Do you have to be able to make a cable? 133 133 00:05:01,260 --> 00:05:03,530 Well, no, because you're going to be taking the exam 134 134 00:05:03,530 --> 00:05:04,410 on a computer. 135 135 00:05:04,410 --> 00:05:05,850 And so, they can't hand you these tools 136 136 00:05:05,850 --> 00:05:07,490 and ask you to make the cable. 137 137 00:05:07,490 --> 00:05:10,790 But they can ask you to do this in a simulation. 138 138 00:05:10,790 --> 00:05:13,860 So, I might give you eight different color wires, 139 139 00:05:13,860 --> 00:05:16,270 that orange/white, orange, green/white, blue, 140 140 00:05:16,270 --> 00:05:19,190 blue/white, green, brown/white, brown. 141 141 00:05:19,190 --> 00:05:21,760 And you might have to pin them into the right pinouts 142 142 00:05:21,760 --> 00:05:23,940 one through eight, for either a straight through 143 143 00:05:23,940 --> 00:05:25,010 or a crossover. 144 144 00:05:25,010 --> 00:05:27,650 And if so, you need to make sure you memorize both halves 145 145 00:05:27,650 --> 00:05:30,630 and be able to drag them and drop them into the right place. 146 146 00:05:30,630 --> 00:05:32,560 By doing that, that will make sure 147 147 00:05:32,560 --> 00:05:33,900 that you know how to do this. 148 148 00:05:33,900 --> 00:05:35,010 Now, in the real world 149 149 00:05:35,010 --> 00:05:36,550 how often are you going to make cables? 150 150 00:05:36,550 --> 00:05:38,270 Well, it depends on your job. 151 151 00:05:38,270 --> 00:05:40,810 I will tell you, when I first started out 20 years ago, 152 152 00:05:40,810 --> 00:05:42,240 I ran networks for a living. 153 153 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:44,850 And I made cables all day long. 154 154 00:05:44,850 --> 00:05:47,060 The reason was, cables that are pre-made 155 155 00:05:47,060 --> 00:05:48,650 were very expensive back then. 156 156 00:05:48,650 --> 00:05:50,880 So, I could buy a thousand feet of bulk cable 157 157 00:05:50,880 --> 00:05:52,810 like I showed you with that gray wire, 158 158 00:05:52,810 --> 00:05:54,590 cut it, trim it, and make the cable 159 159 00:05:54,590 --> 00:05:57,100 in just about 30 seconds to 60 seconds 160 160 00:05:57,100 --> 00:05:58,760 because I did it all the time. 161 161 00:05:58,760 --> 00:06:00,970 And I could charge my customers a dollar a foot 162 162 00:06:00,970 --> 00:06:02,070 for running those cables. 163 163 00:06:02,070 --> 00:06:03,820 So, I made a lot of money doing that. 164 164 00:06:03,820 --> 00:06:06,698 Nowadays though, it's so cheap to buy ready-made cables. 165 165 00:06:06,698 --> 00:06:09,740 And so because of that, for something like a patch cable 166 166 00:06:09,740 --> 00:06:11,850 like this, that's a six-inch cable, 167 167 00:06:11,850 --> 00:06:13,510 I wouldn't spend my time making it 168 168 00:06:13,510 --> 00:06:15,880 because I can buy this for about $0.10. 169 169 00:06:15,880 --> 00:06:17,900 So, it's just a lot easier to but them ready-made. 170 170 00:06:17,900 --> 00:06:19,410 The same thing with the three-foot cables, 171 171 00:06:19,410 --> 00:06:22,310 the six-foot cables, the 10 and the 15-foot cables. 172 172 00:06:22,310 --> 00:06:24,080 Really, when I start making my own cables 173 173 00:06:24,080 --> 00:06:25,610 is when I get into some weird lengths 174 174 00:06:25,610 --> 00:06:28,410 like 57 feet or something like that. 175 175 00:06:28,410 --> 00:06:30,320 Now, the other thing to remember when you're making cables, 176 176 00:06:30,320 --> 00:06:32,020 don't go over 100 meters. 177 177 00:06:32,020 --> 00:06:35,410 Because a Cat 5 cable can only go 100 meters 178 178 00:06:35,410 --> 00:06:37,130 before you start losing signal. 179 179 00:06:37,130 --> 00:06:40,390 And so, I like to keep my cables down under 90 meters. 180 180 00:06:40,390 --> 00:06:42,030 That way, I have a little bit of leeway 181 181 00:06:42,030 --> 00:06:43,600 and I don't have any problems. 182 182 00:06:43,600 --> 00:06:44,960 So, if you keep all that straight in your head, 183 183 00:06:44,960 --> 00:06:46,370 you'll do great on the exam. 184 184 00:06:46,370 --> 00:06:48,370 And again, if you want to try this stuff out, 185 185 00:06:48,370 --> 00:06:49,650 it's not that expensive. 186 186 00:06:49,650 --> 00:06:52,200 For $10 on Amazon, you get everything you need 187 187 00:06:52,200 --> 00:06:53,620 in one convenient kit. 188 188 00:06:53,620 --> 00:06:55,460 And you can go ahead and play with this at home. 189 189 00:06:55,460 --> 00:06:57,880 And it will give you a cable tester, a crimper, 190 190 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:00,550 a stripper, and about 100 of those end pieces 191 191 00:07:00,550 --> 00:07:02,550 to start playing and making your own cables 192 192 00:07:02,550 --> 00:07:03,603 and trying this out.