1 1 00:00:00,380 --> 00:00:02,130 In this lesson, I want to show you 2 2 00:00:02,130 --> 00:00:04,040 what some of these devices look like. 3 3 00:00:04,040 --> 00:00:06,870 We talked in the last lecture about hubs and bridges, 4 4 00:00:06,870 --> 00:00:09,710 and switches and routers, and all of their different uses 5 5 00:00:09,710 --> 00:00:11,430 and placements throughout the network. 6 6 00:00:11,430 --> 00:00:13,260 But when you look at a small office, 7 7 00:00:13,260 --> 00:00:15,810 or a home office network, you might have everything 8 8 00:00:15,810 --> 00:00:19,080 in a single device, something that looks like this. 9 9 00:00:19,080 --> 00:00:20,880 Now, as we look at this a little bit closer, 10 10 00:00:20,880 --> 00:00:21,970 you can see the front, it's going to have 11 11 00:00:21,970 --> 00:00:24,240 all the blinking lights and tell you what's going on. 12 12 00:00:24,240 --> 00:00:26,330 But if we look at the back, we'll actually see 13 13 00:00:26,330 --> 00:00:28,840 that this single device actually has 14 14 00:00:28,840 --> 00:00:30,980 multiple different functions in it. 15 15 00:00:30,980 --> 00:00:32,420 The first function it has, 16 16 00:00:32,420 --> 00:00:34,660 is what's called the wide area network. 17 17 00:00:34,660 --> 00:00:37,590 And this is where we're going to connect a cable line, 18 18 00:00:37,590 --> 00:00:40,920 or a coaxial cable that's going to provide our internet access. 19 19 00:00:40,920 --> 00:00:42,610 Now that gives us our external network, 20 20 00:00:42,610 --> 00:00:44,090 that wide area network. 21 21 00:00:44,090 --> 00:00:46,000 But if we want to connect it to our internal network, 22 22 00:00:46,000 --> 00:00:47,650 we have to have a routing function. 23 23 00:00:47,650 --> 00:00:49,410 And so there's a built-in router that routes 24 24 00:00:49,410 --> 00:00:51,050 the wide area network connection 25 25 00:00:51,050 --> 00:00:54,150 into this internal, or LAN connection. 26 26 00:00:54,150 --> 00:00:55,140 Now the internal connection 27 27 00:00:55,140 --> 00:00:57,130 is going to happen over these ports. 28 28 00:00:57,130 --> 00:01:00,070 And these switch ports are going to be just a simple switch 29 29 00:01:00,070 --> 00:01:01,780 that's embedded into this device. 30 30 00:01:01,780 --> 00:01:04,130 So we have a switch, and we have a router, 31 31 00:01:04,130 --> 00:01:06,590 and we have this wide area network connection. 32 32 00:01:06,590 --> 00:01:09,460 Additionally, we have over here, all the way over here, 33 33 00:01:09,460 --> 00:01:11,060 this is where an antenna gets plugged in. 34 34 00:01:11,060 --> 00:01:12,100 Because this device 35 35 00:01:12,100 --> 00:01:14,720 has a wireless access point built in as well. 36 36 00:01:14,720 --> 00:01:16,880 So now we have a router, a switch, 37 37 00:01:16,880 --> 00:01:19,990 and a wireless access point, all in a single device, 38 38 00:01:19,990 --> 00:01:21,920 But there's still something else here. 39 39 00:01:21,920 --> 00:01:24,600 When I talk about this wide area network connection, 40 40 00:01:24,600 --> 00:01:27,320 we are actually talking about plugging in coaxial cable, 41 41 00:01:27,320 --> 00:01:30,870 but converting it so it can talk with these devices here 42 42 00:01:30,870 --> 00:01:33,810 that are on cat five, or ethernet cables. 43 43 00:01:33,810 --> 00:01:36,890 To do that, we're going to be using a media converter. 44 44 00:01:36,890 --> 00:01:38,800 And so in this one single device, 45 45 00:01:38,800 --> 00:01:40,780 we have four different functions. 46 46 00:01:40,780 --> 00:01:44,420 We have our switch. We have our router. 47 47 00:01:44,420 --> 00:01:48,000 We have our wide area connection, or media converter. 48 48 00:01:48,000 --> 00:01:50,350 And we have a wireless access point. 49 49 00:01:50,350 --> 00:01:53,830 Now, do all of these things have to exist in a single box? 50 50 00:01:53,830 --> 00:01:54,670 Well, no. 51 51 00:01:54,670 --> 00:01:56,700 And in fact, most office networks, 52 52 00:01:56,700 --> 00:01:59,350 we're going to break these out into individual boxes, 53 53 00:01:59,350 --> 00:02:01,150 or machines, or functions. 54 54 00:02:01,150 --> 00:02:03,060 So let me show you what that looks like. 55 55 00:02:03,060 --> 00:02:04,660 Let's start with the media converter. 56 56 00:02:04,660 --> 00:02:07,360 So I talked about, in the combined box we were taking 57 57 00:02:07,360 --> 00:02:09,720 coaxial cable in and converting it, 58 58 00:02:09,720 --> 00:02:12,820 so we can talk over cat five or ethernet. 59 59 00:02:12,820 --> 00:02:14,470 Well, media converters can convert 60 60 00:02:14,470 --> 00:02:17,120 two dissimilar signals any way you want. 61 61 00:02:17,120 --> 00:02:19,180 You might go from fiber to cable. 62 62 00:02:19,180 --> 00:02:21,420 You might go from cable to ethernet. 63 63 00:02:21,420 --> 00:02:23,590 You might go from fiber to ethernet. 64 64 00:02:23,590 --> 00:02:25,700 You might go all sorts of different ways. 65 65 00:02:25,700 --> 00:02:29,310 In fact right here I have two different media converters, 66 66 00:02:29,310 --> 00:02:31,110 and actually part of a set. 67 67 00:02:31,110 --> 00:02:33,650 So one is the transmitter, and one is the receiver. 68 68 00:02:33,650 --> 00:02:35,800 So as I bring these over here so you can see them. 69 69 00:02:35,800 --> 00:02:37,520 I have my transmitter on this side, 70 70 00:02:37,520 --> 00:02:39,240 and my receiver on this side. 71 71 00:02:39,240 --> 00:02:43,560 Now you'll notice that they both have HDMI jacks right here. 72 72 00:02:43,560 --> 00:02:44,900 Now, if I turn them around, 73 73 00:02:44,900 --> 00:02:48,110 you'll see that they have cat five or ethernet. 74 74 00:02:48,110 --> 00:02:50,840 What these are used for is for me to be able to take 75 75 00:02:50,840 --> 00:02:54,120 a long distance run of video over HDMI, 76 76 00:02:54,120 --> 00:02:58,030 and be able to push it over a cat five or an ethernet cable. 77 77 00:02:58,030 --> 00:03:00,160 Now, why would I want do that, and send it 78 78 00:03:00,160 --> 00:03:03,090 from this transmitter over HDMI, 79 79 00:03:03,090 --> 00:03:06,130 over cat five, from cat five to the other one, 80 80 00:03:06,130 --> 00:03:08,450 and then from cat five back to HDMI? 81 81 00:03:08,450 --> 00:03:12,380 Well, because HDMI can only do short cable runs. 82 82 00:03:12,380 --> 00:03:14,670 In fact, anything over about 20 feet, 83 83 00:03:14,670 --> 00:03:16,690 you're going to have problems with your HDMI connections. 84 84 00:03:16,690 --> 00:03:19,160 So if you're going to have a big home theater setup, 85 85 00:03:19,160 --> 00:03:21,090 you're going to need some kind of a media converter 86 86 00:03:21,090 --> 00:03:22,499 like this, to be able to run things 87 87 00:03:22,499 --> 00:03:24,790 from your satellite dish to your TV, 88 88 00:03:24,790 --> 00:03:27,030 or from your cable box to the projector, 89 89 00:03:27,030 --> 00:03:28,280 or whatever those things are. 90 90 00:03:28,280 --> 00:03:30,160 And that's exactly what we use this for. 91 91 00:03:30,160 --> 00:03:31,270 This is to be able to go, 92 92 00:03:31,270 --> 00:03:34,400 to do a 50 foot run from where our cable boxes are 93 93 00:03:34,400 --> 00:03:36,170 all the way up to where our projector is, 94 94 00:03:36,170 --> 00:03:38,710 so that we can then display the information we want. 95 95 00:03:38,710 --> 00:03:40,510 And being able to do that media conversion 96 96 00:03:40,510 --> 00:03:45,150 from HDMI over to cat five allows us to do that. 97 97 00:03:45,150 --> 00:03:47,160 Now, the next one thing I want to talk about is a switch. 98 98 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:49,070 And we talked about the fact that this had 99 99 00:03:49,070 --> 00:03:51,870 a switch built into it in this all-in-one device. 100 100 00:03:51,870 --> 00:03:54,300 Well, switches can be small, or they can be big. 101 101 00:03:54,300 --> 00:03:56,500 In fact, right here, I have a pocket sized switch. 102 102 00:03:56,500 --> 00:03:58,160 This is an unmanaged switch. 103 103 00:03:58,160 --> 00:04:00,000 Now this switch has five ports, 104 104 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:01,730 and it is an unmanaged switch, 105 105 00:04:01,730 --> 00:04:04,430 meaning that is going to give me the benefits of a bridge, 106 106 00:04:04,430 --> 00:04:05,840 and it's going to give you the benefits of a hub, 107 107 00:04:05,840 --> 00:04:09,080 where I have a single collision domain per port, 108 108 00:04:09,080 --> 00:04:12,350 and one broadcast domain for the entire five ports. 109 109 00:04:12,350 --> 00:04:14,300 But other than that, this is a dumb switch. 110 110 00:04:14,300 --> 00:04:16,460 It doesn't have VLANs, it doesn't have any of 111 111 00:04:16,460 --> 00:04:18,050 the ethernet features that we're going to talk about 112 112 00:04:18,050 --> 00:04:19,480 throughout the rest of this section. 113 113 00:04:19,480 --> 00:04:22,340 Instead, this is just a simple, dumb switch. 114 114 00:04:22,340 --> 00:04:24,610 And it cost me about five to seven dollars. 115 115 00:04:24,610 --> 00:04:26,720 It will allow me to take the network connection coming in, 116 116 00:04:26,720 --> 00:04:29,090 and then pass that out to the remaining ports. 117 117 00:04:29,090 --> 00:04:30,340 That's all this is going to do. 118 118 00:04:30,340 --> 00:04:32,010 And again, our combination device 119 119 00:04:32,010 --> 00:04:34,220 already had one of those built in for us. 120 120 00:04:34,220 --> 00:04:35,610 Now, the next thing we were talking about 121 121 00:04:35,610 --> 00:04:37,370 was it had wireless capability. 122 122 00:04:37,370 --> 00:04:40,420 And so for that, we're going to use a wireless access point. 123 123 00:04:40,420 --> 00:04:43,080 Now, most of you, when you think of a wireless access point, 124 124 00:04:43,080 --> 00:04:46,230 are probably actually thinking of a combination device. 125 125 00:04:46,230 --> 00:04:47,667 If you look at your wireless access point, 126 126 00:04:47,667 --> 00:04:49,300 and you turn around the backside, 127 127 00:04:49,300 --> 00:04:51,830 and it has four of those switch ports in there, 128 128 00:04:51,830 --> 00:04:53,440 it's actually a combination device. 129 129 00:04:53,440 --> 00:04:55,140 It's a wireless access point, 130 130 00:04:55,140 --> 00:04:56,880 with a router, and with a switch, 131 131 00:04:56,880 --> 00:04:58,870 just like the one I showed you at the beginning, 132 132 00:04:58,870 --> 00:05:00,260 But you also can have 133 133 00:05:00,260 --> 00:05:02,520 just a wireless access point like this. 134 134 00:05:02,520 --> 00:05:04,500 And as you look at this one, you'll see 135 135 00:05:04,500 --> 00:05:06,940 that I have the two network antennas. 136 136 00:05:06,940 --> 00:05:08,520 But if I turn it over to the side, 137 137 00:05:08,520 --> 00:05:11,450 you're going to see there's only a single network jack. 138 138 00:05:11,450 --> 00:05:14,980 And the reason for that is this is just a media converter 139 139 00:05:14,980 --> 00:05:17,510 to go from cat five to wireless. 140 140 00:05:17,510 --> 00:05:19,470 That's what a wireless access point is. 141 141 00:05:19,470 --> 00:05:21,740 It's that simple. It's a very simple device. 142 142 00:05:21,740 --> 00:05:24,310 It takes whatever's coming in over this cat five connection, 143 143 00:05:24,310 --> 00:05:26,900 and it sends it out over these antennas. 144 144 00:05:26,900 --> 00:05:28,860 That's all a wireless access point does. 145 145 00:05:28,860 --> 00:05:31,740 Now, when I go back to the original one I showed you, 146 146 00:05:31,740 --> 00:05:33,960 this one is a combination device. 147 147 00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:35,570 It has a wireless access point, 148 148 00:05:35,570 --> 00:05:38,250 but it also has a router, and it also has a switch. 149 149 00:05:38,250 --> 00:05:42,720 This one does not. It's simply a wireless access point. 150 150 00:05:42,720 --> 00:05:45,140 So I know we covered a lot in this lesson, 151 151 00:05:45,140 --> 00:05:47,930 but what I really wanted to show you was that these devices 152 152 00:05:47,930 --> 00:05:50,590 can be broken apart into individual components. 153 153 00:05:50,590 --> 00:05:52,590 But a lot of times they're not. 154 154 00:05:52,590 --> 00:05:54,750 And so when you go to the store and you say hey, 155 155 00:05:54,750 --> 00:05:56,550 I want to buy a wireless router, 156 156 00:05:56,550 --> 00:05:58,950 there really no such thing as a wireless router. 157 157 00:05:58,950 --> 00:06:01,500 There is a wireless access point switch and router 158 158 00:06:01,500 --> 00:06:05,180 combination box that is marketed as a wireless router. 159 159 00:06:05,180 --> 00:06:07,740 But there is no such thing as a wireless router. 160 160 00:06:07,740 --> 00:06:09,750 Or if you look at something and you see that it says 161 161 00:06:09,750 --> 00:06:12,580 it's wireless AC, which we're going to talk about later, 162 162 00:06:12,580 --> 00:06:15,300 it actually is going to operate in two different spectrums. 163 163 00:06:15,300 --> 00:06:19,840 But technically, wireless AC only operates in one spectrum. 164 164 00:06:19,840 --> 00:06:22,410 Now, the reason is because people who are marketing things 165 165 00:06:22,410 --> 00:06:24,060 are marketing them to consumers. 166 166 00:06:24,060 --> 00:06:25,470 And so they're trying to dumb it down 167 167 00:06:25,470 --> 00:06:27,440 to the easiest thing to understand. 168 168 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,050 But on the network plus exam, I want you to remember 169 169 00:06:30,050 --> 00:06:31,350 that each of these boxes, 170 170 00:06:31,350 --> 00:06:34,180 and each of these functions do a different thing. 171 171 00:06:34,180 --> 00:06:36,750 If they're talking about a wireless access point, 172 172 00:06:36,750 --> 00:06:39,270 that's not the same as a wireless router, 173 173 00:06:39,270 --> 00:06:42,060 which has a switch, a router, and a wireless access point 174 174 00:06:42,060 --> 00:06:43,520 all combined together. 175 175 00:06:43,520 --> 00:06:45,810 So we'll talk more about this as we go through the course, 176 176 00:06:45,810 --> 00:06:48,560 but hopefully this was helpful to give you a general idea 177 177 00:06:48,560 --> 00:06:50,240 of what some of these devices are. 178 178 00:06:50,240 --> 00:06:52,090 Now, I'll see you in the next lesson.