1
00:00:06,480 --> 00:00:08,310
- In this Lesson 2.4,

2
00:00:08,310 --> 00:00:12,330
we're gonna focus in on
Environmental Impact.

3
00:00:12,330 --> 00:00:14,010
Now, environmental imbalance

4
00:00:14,010 --> 00:00:16,440
and environmental
vulnerabilities or weaknesses,

5
00:00:16,440 --> 00:00:20,730
can impact stability, availability,

6
00:00:20,730 --> 00:00:21,903
and integrity.

7
00:00:22,980 --> 00:00:25,110
Now, our computers, our
electronic equipment,

8
00:00:25,110 --> 00:00:28,320
and our transmission media
are all really sensitive

9
00:00:28,320 --> 00:00:32,940
to environmental factors such
as heat, humidity, airflow,

10
00:00:32,940 --> 00:00:35,190
and power quality.

11
00:00:35,190 --> 00:00:37,110
Now, one of the real challenges though,

12
00:00:37,110 --> 00:00:39,150
when we're dealing with
environmental controls

13
00:00:39,150 --> 00:00:40,740
and environmental systems

14
00:00:40,740 --> 00:00:43,440
is that our environmental
systems are very often,

15
00:00:43,440 --> 00:00:45,030
and actually more often than not,

16
00:00:45,030 --> 00:00:48,630
either provided by or
managed by contractors.

17
00:00:48,630 --> 00:00:49,830
So we wanna make sure

18
00:00:49,830 --> 00:00:52,290
that our environmental system providers

19
00:00:52,290 --> 00:00:54,780
are subject to due
diligence investigations,

20
00:00:54,780 --> 00:00:58,830
and absolutely included in
our vendor management program.

21
00:00:58,830 --> 00:01:00,690
And that environmental controls

22
00:01:00,690 --> 00:01:02,100
and products should be included

23
00:01:02,100 --> 00:01:03,750
in our vulnerability management,

24
00:01:03,750 --> 00:01:04,980
in our patch management,

25
00:01:04,980 --> 00:01:06,630
in our disaster recovery,

26
00:01:06,630 --> 00:01:08,430
in our business continuity,

27
00:01:08,430 --> 00:01:11,670
and in our assessment and audit programs.

28
00:01:11,670 --> 00:01:14,190
So let's talk about some
Environmental Baselines.

29
00:01:14,190 --> 00:01:15,330
What works, what doesn't work?

30
00:01:15,330 --> 00:01:16,163
What you should have,

31
00:01:16,163 --> 00:01:17,070
don't wanna have,

32
00:01:17,070 --> 00:01:18,210
in terms of temperature,

33
00:01:18,210 --> 00:01:21,150
humidity, power, and fire.

34
00:01:21,150 --> 00:01:22,350
So acceptable temperature

35
00:01:22,350 --> 00:01:24,930
for an area containing computing devices

36
00:01:24,930 --> 00:01:28,470
is between 18 to 27 degrees Celsius

37
00:01:28,470 --> 00:01:30,720
or 64 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit.

38
00:01:30,720 --> 00:01:32,100
Really the same type of temperature

39
00:01:32,100 --> 00:01:34,800
that you and I like and
feel comfortable in.

40
00:01:34,800 --> 00:01:36,750
We also have to take into consideration

41
00:01:36,750 --> 00:01:37,860
the circulation in the room,

42
00:01:37,860 --> 00:01:41,163
because we could end up with
hot spots and cold spots.

43
00:01:42,120 --> 00:01:46,470
Now, humidity is bad on
either end of the spectrum,

44
00:01:46,470 --> 00:01:48,600
high humidity or low humidity.

45
00:01:48,600 --> 00:01:51,210
Because high humidity can cause corrosion

46
00:01:51,210 --> 00:01:55,200
and low humidity can cause
excessive static electricity.

47
00:01:55,200 --> 00:02:00,000
So relative humidity between
50 to 70% is acceptable.

48
00:02:00,000 --> 00:02:00,990
Now it's a little challenging.

49
00:02:00,990 --> 00:02:02,040
You pick up different books

50
00:02:02,040 --> 00:02:05,670
and there might be 65 to 80

51
00:02:05,670 --> 00:02:08,370
or 45 to 65.

52
00:02:08,370 --> 00:02:10,050
It doesn't seem to be one standard

53
00:02:10,050 --> 00:02:11,340
that you'll read about all the time,

54
00:02:11,340 --> 00:02:13,020
but the numbers I'm using

55
00:02:13,020 --> 00:02:15,450
are from the American Society of Heating,

56
00:02:15,450 --> 00:02:18,420
Refrigerating, Air-Conditioning,
and Engineering.

57
00:02:18,420 --> 00:02:19,830
So they're really ranges.

58
00:02:19,830 --> 00:02:21,600
But what you think to
think about humidity is,

59
00:02:21,600 --> 00:02:23,220
we don't want high humidity

60
00:02:23,220 --> 00:02:24,450
and we don't want low humidity.

61
00:02:24,450 --> 00:02:25,413
We want a midpoint.

62
00:02:26,280 --> 00:02:27,300
And then for power,

63
00:02:27,300 --> 00:02:30,480
we want continuous clean or filtered power

64
00:02:30,480 --> 00:02:33,210
with very consistent voltage.

65
00:02:33,210 --> 00:02:34,800
And then fire,

66
00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:37,230
we wanna make sure that we
have done everything we can

67
00:02:37,230 --> 00:02:38,550
to prevent fires,

68
00:02:38,550 --> 00:02:42,870
but that we also have really
top-notch fire detection

69
00:02:42,870 --> 00:02:45,030
and suppression capabilities.

70
00:02:45,030 --> 00:02:47,340
We're gonna talk more about power and fire

71
00:02:47,340 --> 00:02:49,080
in just a moment.

72
00:02:49,080 --> 00:02:51,030
So we talked about
temperature a moment ago.

73
00:02:51,030 --> 00:02:54,240
I mentioned that we need to
be cognizant of circulation.

74
00:02:54,240 --> 00:02:56,370
And we need to be cognitive circulation

75
00:02:56,370 --> 00:02:57,660
because we don't wanna end up

76
00:02:57,660 --> 00:03:00,837
with any really hot
pockets in our data center.

77
00:03:00,837 --> 00:03:02,130
And I want you to imagine kind of

78
00:03:02,130 --> 00:03:03,780
an old traditional data center

79
00:03:03,780 --> 00:03:04,830
where we had rows and rows

80
00:03:04,830 --> 00:03:06,900
and rows and rows and rows of devices

81
00:03:06,900 --> 00:03:09,360
and they all face the same way.

82
00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:11,880
And we know that devices take
in cooler air in the front

83
00:03:11,880 --> 00:03:14,430
and they exhaust warmer air out the back.

84
00:03:14,430 --> 00:03:16,170
So imagine we've got five rows.

85
00:03:16,170 --> 00:03:17,850
First row takes in cooler air

86
00:03:17,850 --> 00:03:20,010
and it's a little bit
warmer that it exhausts.

87
00:03:20,010 --> 00:03:22,200
The next row takes in that warmer air

88
00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:24,600
and what it exhaust is even warmer.

89
00:03:24,600 --> 00:03:26,910
And the next row takes
in that even warmer,

90
00:03:26,910 --> 00:03:28,320
and what it exhaust is hot.

91
00:03:28,320 --> 00:03:30,030
And by the time we get to the fifth row,

92
00:03:30,030 --> 00:03:32,340
they're taking in hot air,

93
00:03:32,340 --> 00:03:33,630
which they should not do.

94
00:03:33,630 --> 00:03:36,630
And what they're gonna
expel is even hotter.

95
00:03:36,630 --> 00:03:38,070
So we don't like that design.

96
00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:40,860
And the more common
design we're gonna see now

97
00:03:40,860 --> 00:03:42,210
is what's known as a Hot Aisle,

98
00:03:42,210 --> 00:03:44,340
Cold Aisle Data Center,

99
00:03:44,340 --> 00:03:46,620
where we've got Hot Air
Returns on the ceiling,

100
00:03:46,620 --> 00:03:50,220
we've got Cold Air Supply
coming in from the bottom,

101
00:03:50,220 --> 00:03:52,080
and our racks are staggered.

102
00:03:52,080 --> 00:03:54,780
And you can see all that
demonstrated in this picture.

103
00:03:56,910 --> 00:03:59,010
Next, let's look at Power Protection.

104
00:03:59,010 --> 00:04:02,010
We need to have clean, consistent power,

105
00:04:02,010 --> 00:04:05,130
and we're protecting our
devices from brownout,

106
00:04:05,130 --> 00:04:08,820
sags, surge, spikes, and blackouts.

107
00:04:08,820 --> 00:04:12,600
A brownout is a prolonged
period of low voltage,

108
00:04:12,600 --> 00:04:14,430
definitely not good for our equipment.

109
00:04:14,430 --> 00:04:16,710
A sag is a moment of low voltage.

110
00:04:16,710 --> 00:04:18,930
A surge is a prolonged
period of high voltage.

111
00:04:18,930 --> 00:04:21,300
Again, definitely not
good for our equipment.

112
00:04:21,300 --> 00:04:23,460
A spike is a moment of high voltage

113
00:04:23,460 --> 00:04:25,620
and could be enough to fry our equipment.

114
00:04:25,620 --> 00:04:29,043
And a blackout will be a
prolonged period without power.

115
00:04:30,300 --> 00:04:32,910
So what can we use for
Power Protection Controls?

116
00:04:32,910 --> 00:04:34,440
Well, voltage regulators,

117
00:04:34,440 --> 00:04:37,140
surge suppressors,
power line conditioners,

118
00:04:37,140 --> 00:04:40,440
battery backups or
uninterruptible power supplies.

119
00:04:40,440 --> 00:04:42,330
All of those really help with brownout,

120
00:04:42,330 --> 00:04:44,700
sags, surges and spikes.

121
00:04:44,700 --> 00:04:46,590
And for a blackout,

122
00:04:46,590 --> 00:04:48,810
well, we want Power Resiliency Controls,

123
00:04:48,810 --> 00:04:50,850
which can include a battery backup

124
00:04:50,850 --> 00:04:52,260
or uninterruptible power supply,

125
00:04:52,260 --> 00:04:54,210
which, the caveat, it
does have a limited life

126
00:04:54,210 --> 00:04:56,490
'cause batteries only just go for so long.

127
00:04:56,490 --> 00:04:58,140
Or we could have a generator, right?

128
00:04:58,140 --> 00:05:00,840
To have a second supply of power.

129
00:05:00,840 --> 00:05:03,180
But I want you to also recognize

130
00:05:03,180 --> 00:05:05,160
that a generator does require fuel.

131
00:05:05,160 --> 00:05:06,660
It require diesel or gas,

132
00:05:06,660 --> 00:05:08,370
so you have to have that supply.

133
00:05:08,370 --> 00:05:10,110
Or maybe supplier diversity.

134
00:05:10,110 --> 00:05:14,643
Maybe we are connected to
more than one power source.

135
00:05:17,910 --> 00:05:20,130
Next step is Fire
Detection and Suppression.

136
00:05:20,130 --> 00:05:22,380
We know that fire is
extraordinarily dangerous

137
00:05:22,380 --> 00:05:25,140
to people and to equipment.

138
00:05:25,140 --> 00:05:27,720
So Fire Detection, it
being the identification

139
00:05:27,720 --> 00:05:29,220
of a fire situation.

140
00:05:29,220 --> 00:05:31,950
Fire suppression is once it's identified

141
00:05:31,950 --> 00:05:33,990
to be able to quickly respond to

142
00:05:33,990 --> 00:05:36,510
and extinguish a fire.

143
00:05:36,510 --> 00:05:38,010
So when we're making our plans

144
00:05:38,010 --> 00:05:40,620
about Fire Detection and Suppression,

145
00:05:40,620 --> 00:05:42,600
we really, really, really wanna consult

146
00:05:42,600 --> 00:05:43,920
with the local fire department.

147
00:05:43,920 --> 00:05:45,420
Every local fire department,

148
00:05:45,420 --> 00:05:46,680
pretty much worldwide,

149
00:05:46,680 --> 00:05:49,020
is happy to help you out on this, right?

150
00:05:49,020 --> 00:05:52,050
They don't wanna see a
fire any more than you do.

151
00:05:52,050 --> 00:05:55,590
You're gonna install good
fire detection equipment,

152
00:05:55,590 --> 00:05:57,960
you wanna have fire
alarms with strobe lights.

153
00:05:57,960 --> 00:06:00,660
So not just audio, but also lights.

154
00:06:00,660 --> 00:06:03,240
We may have folks who
are hearing impaired,

155
00:06:03,240 --> 00:06:05,880
we wanna make sure that we're
taking care of them as well.

156
00:06:05,880 --> 00:06:08,910
We wanna have an emergency
power-off electrical switch.

157
00:06:08,910 --> 00:06:11,160
So we wanna be able to shut
down the power right away.

158
00:06:11,160 --> 00:06:12,180
So maybe in our data center

159
00:06:12,180 --> 00:06:15,360
there's a power switch
that shuts everything down.

160
00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:17,670
We wanna locate portable
fire extinguishers

161
00:06:17,670 --> 00:06:19,500
in places that are accessible

162
00:06:19,500 --> 00:06:21,780
and we wanna train
people on where they are.

163
00:06:21,780 --> 00:06:22,890
We also wanna train people

164
00:06:22,890 --> 00:06:25,170
on how to use a fire extinguisher.

165
00:06:25,170 --> 00:06:26,610
'Cause I'm willing to bet,

166
00:06:26,610 --> 00:06:28,620
that most of you have actually never used

167
00:06:28,620 --> 00:06:29,823
a fire extinguisher.

168
00:06:30,720 --> 00:06:31,863
It's worth knowing.

169
00:06:32,850 --> 00:06:34,140
Then we wanna make sure we're using

170
00:06:34,140 --> 00:06:39,140
clean fire suppressant agents
such as FM-200 or Novec 1230,

171
00:06:39,210 --> 00:06:43,710
or an inert gas that won't
damage our electronic equipment.

172
00:06:43,710 --> 00:06:45,720
Because if the fire isn't there, right?

173
00:06:45,720 --> 00:06:46,860
With the fire out,

174
00:06:46,860 --> 00:06:48,960
what we don't wanna have
done is damage our equipment

175
00:06:48,960 --> 00:06:51,570
by whatever fire suppression we used.

176
00:06:51,570 --> 00:06:52,560
And then we wanna make sure

177
00:06:52,560 --> 00:06:54,300
we maintain fire suppression equipment.

178
00:06:54,300 --> 00:06:57,180
It has to be inspected on a regular basis

179
00:06:57,180 --> 00:07:00,240
and whoever you got your equipment from

180
00:07:00,240 --> 00:07:01,443
will help you with that.

181
00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:08,670
We also wanna make sure
that we are protecting our,

182
00:07:08,670 --> 00:07:09,990
all of our components,

183
00:07:09,990 --> 00:07:11,130
electronic components,

184
00:07:11,130 --> 00:07:16,020
and our cables from ESD, EMI, and RFI.

185
00:07:16,020 --> 00:07:17,670
Electrostatic Discharge,

186
00:07:17,670 --> 00:07:19,410
Electromagnetic Interference,

187
00:07:19,410 --> 00:07:21,663
and Radio Frequency Interference.

188
00:07:22,770 --> 00:07:25,230
Now, Electrostatic Discharge or ESD

189
00:07:25,230 --> 00:07:28,890
is the release of static
electricity when two objects touch.

190
00:07:28,890 --> 00:07:31,230
It's like, "Ouch," when
you get a shock, right?

191
00:07:31,230 --> 00:07:34,620
ESD can damage or can completely destroy

192
00:07:34,620 --> 00:07:36,330
our electronic components.

193
00:07:36,330 --> 00:07:37,920
Now, ESD can be minimized

194
00:07:37,920 --> 00:07:40,470
by using antistatic grounding workbenches,

195
00:07:40,470 --> 00:07:43,380
mats, bags, and wristbands.

196
00:07:43,380 --> 00:07:46,650
And electrical storms
can increase ESD risk.

197
00:07:46,650 --> 00:07:49,350
It's like at home, whenever
there's a lightning storm

198
00:07:49,350 --> 00:07:50,670
I disconnect everything.

199
00:07:50,670 --> 00:07:51,840
I don't just shut everything down,

200
00:07:51,840 --> 00:07:53,523
I disconnect all my equipment.

201
00:07:56,550 --> 00:07:58,830
Now, your equipment and your copper cable

202
00:07:58,830 --> 00:08:00,720
is really sensitive to both EMI,

203
00:08:00,720 --> 00:08:02,400
Electromagnetic Interference

204
00:08:02,400 --> 00:08:05,340
and RFI, Radio Frequency Interference.

205
00:08:05,340 --> 00:08:07,770
So equipment should have
really limited exposure

206
00:08:07,770 --> 00:08:11,910
to things that cause EMI
and RFI like magnets,

207
00:08:11,910 --> 00:08:16,110
fluorescent lights, electric
motors, space heaters,

208
00:08:16,110 --> 00:08:18,390
and actually wired access points

209
00:08:18,390 --> 00:08:20,160
where you're putting
them up in the ceiling.

210
00:08:20,160 --> 00:08:23,340
And your copper cable
should always be shielded.

211
00:08:23,340 --> 00:08:24,720
Now, if you have fiber optic cable

212
00:08:24,720 --> 00:08:27,270
it doesn't need to be
shielded in your building,

213
00:08:27,270 --> 00:08:29,880
but often, it'll be shielded in the ground

214
00:08:29,880 --> 00:08:31,770
because critters really like to chew

215
00:08:31,770 --> 00:08:33,513
on those fiber optic cables.

216
00:08:35,400 --> 00:08:37,020
And that, my friends,

217
00:08:37,020 --> 00:08:39,540
is all about environmental security.

218
00:08:39,540 --> 00:08:41,850
So let's do our Three-Second Challenge.

219
00:08:41,850 --> 00:08:43,050
Five challenge questions,

220
00:08:43,050 --> 00:08:44,340
three seconds each.

221
00:08:44,340 --> 00:08:45,540
You know how to do this.

222
00:08:46,740 --> 00:08:50,310
Circulation pattern where
rows of servers are oriented

223
00:08:50,310 --> 00:08:52,563
so that the front of
servers face each other.

224
00:08:55,980 --> 00:08:56,850
What is this?

225
00:08:56,850 --> 00:08:59,133
One, two, three.

226
00:09:01,320 --> 00:09:03,030
That was our Hot Aisle, Cold Aisle.

227
00:09:03,030 --> 00:09:04,500
So we have different configurations

228
00:09:04,500 --> 00:09:06,723
but we're not all going the same way.

229
00:09:08,790 --> 00:09:11,070
This environmental hazard can be minimized

230
00:09:11,070 --> 00:09:13,590
by using antistatic grounding workbenches,

231
00:09:13,590 --> 00:09:17,340
mats, bags, and wristbands.

232
00:09:17,340 --> 00:09:19,173
One, two, three.

233
00:09:21,360 --> 00:09:24,213
That's gonna be electrostatic
discharge or ESD.

234
00:09:27,300 --> 00:09:30,150
What's a prolonged period of low voltage?

235
00:09:30,150 --> 00:09:32,373
Prolonged period of low voltage.

236
00:09:33,630 --> 00:09:35,733
One, two, three.

237
00:09:36,990 --> 00:09:38,763
That's gonna be a brownout.

238
00:09:40,290 --> 00:09:43,413
Number four, clean fire suppression agent.

239
00:09:45,120 --> 00:09:48,000
It's the one that's not
gonna damage your equipment.

240
00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:49,830
You're thinking, "Oh, oh,
I remember what it is."

241
00:09:49,830 --> 00:09:51,510
One, two, three.

242
00:09:51,510 --> 00:09:53,700
FM-200 or Novec 1230,

243
00:09:53,700 --> 00:09:55,413
or any of the inert gases.

244
00:09:57,120 --> 00:09:59,160
And lastly, number five.

245
00:09:59,160 --> 00:10:01,110
The act of researching and investigating

246
00:10:01,110 --> 00:10:03,510
a vendor before entering or renewing

247
00:10:03,510 --> 00:10:05,460
a business relationship or contract.

248
00:10:05,460 --> 00:10:07,230
I use this term really quickly.

249
00:10:07,230 --> 00:10:09,030
You may not have picked up on it.

250
00:10:09,030 --> 00:10:11,160
We will be talking more about
it a little bit later on,

251
00:10:11,160 --> 00:10:11,993
but if you know it,

252
00:10:11,993 --> 00:10:13,890
go ahead and shout it out.

253
00:10:13,890 --> 00:10:15,660
One, two, three.

254
00:10:15,660 --> 00:10:16,830
And that's due diligence.

255
00:10:16,830 --> 00:10:18,690
Due diligence is the act of researching

256
00:10:18,690 --> 00:10:21,780
and investigating a vendor
before entering a contract,

257
00:10:21,780 --> 00:10:23,940
before renewing a business
relationship or contract,

258
00:10:23,940 --> 00:10:26,340
and actually during the whole relationship

259
00:10:26,340 --> 00:10:28,920
of the relationship. (chuckling)

260
00:10:28,920 --> 00:10:30,423
So that is due diligence.

261
00:10:31,380 --> 00:10:33,450
That brings us to a
Security-in-Action case study.

262
00:10:33,450 --> 00:10:36,030
This one's about Environmental Evaluation.

263
00:10:36,030 --> 00:10:37,650
Your organization has decided

264
00:10:37,650 --> 00:10:39,150
to move the in-house data center

265
00:10:39,150 --> 00:10:40,950
to a colocation facility,

266
00:10:40,950 --> 00:10:43,140
and you've been tasked with evaluating

267
00:10:43,140 --> 00:10:45,930
the site's environmental controls.

268
00:10:45,930 --> 00:10:48,990
So what are you gonna include
on your Evaluation Checklist?

269
00:10:48,990 --> 00:10:50,820
You're gonna create an
Evaluation Checklist.

270
00:10:50,820 --> 00:10:52,800
Things you wanna look at, right?

271
00:10:52,800 --> 00:10:55,680
From an environmental security perspective

272
00:10:55,680 --> 00:10:57,060
what's gonna be on that list?

273
00:10:57,060 --> 00:10:58,890
Go ahead and put me on pause,

274
00:10:58,890 --> 00:10:59,730
write up a list.

275
00:10:59,730 --> 00:11:00,750
When you're ready, come on back

276
00:11:00,750 --> 00:11:03,050
and we'll do an Evaluation
Checklist together.

277
00:11:05,670 --> 00:11:06,840
So things you might include.

278
00:11:06,840 --> 00:11:08,580
First, your HVAC controls.

279
00:11:08,580 --> 00:11:11,400
HVAC's heating, ventilation
and air conditioning,

280
00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:12,390
including temperature,

281
00:11:12,390 --> 00:11:15,930
humidity settings, and monitoring.

282
00:11:15,930 --> 00:11:18,780
The airflow, including the
placement of racks and servers.

283
00:11:18,780 --> 00:11:21,420
Remember we looked at hot and cold aisles,

284
00:11:21,420 --> 00:11:23,853
as well as how the air
comes in and goes out.

285
00:11:24,840 --> 00:11:26,103
Power conditioning.

286
00:11:27,360 --> 00:11:29,010
Power consistency.

287
00:11:29,010 --> 00:11:31,680
Having a UPS, or do they have generators?

288
00:11:31,680 --> 00:11:33,090
Do they have fuel for the generators?

289
00:11:33,090 --> 00:11:34,470
Do they have supplier diversity?

290
00:11:34,470 --> 00:11:37,593
Maybe being connected
to more than one grid.

291
00:11:39,330 --> 00:11:42,903
ESD, EMI and RFI protection.

292
00:11:44,430 --> 00:11:46,620
Fire prevention, detection,

293
00:11:46,620 --> 00:11:49,440
and suppression capabilities.

294
00:11:49,440 --> 00:11:52,170
Infrastructure, management, monitoring,

295
00:11:52,170 --> 00:11:53,730
and response capabilities.

296
00:11:53,730 --> 00:11:55,173
Are they paying attention?

297
00:11:56,520 --> 00:12:00,180
And are they using any third-party
suppliers or providers,

298
00:12:00,180 --> 00:12:02,790
which would, in fact,
become your fourth parties.

299
00:12:02,790 --> 00:12:06,000
So you wanna know who they're
using as their vendors.

300
00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:08,460
So being able to create
this type of checklist

301
00:12:08,460 --> 00:12:10,740
and then go out to that colo facility,

302
00:12:10,740 --> 00:12:12,360
ask these questions, right?

303
00:12:12,360 --> 00:12:15,990
Analyze, make a determination
and a recommendation.

304
00:12:15,990 --> 00:12:18,690
That, my friends, is Security in Action.

305
00:12:18,690 --> 00:12:20,730
Okay, that brings us to our word cloud.

306
00:12:20,730 --> 00:12:21,780
You know what to do.

307
00:12:21,780 --> 00:12:24,143
When you're ready, I'll
see you at the next lesson.